Recent studies have shown that the transport of microtubules (MTs) and neurofilaments (NFs) within the axon is rapid, infrequent, asynchronous, and bidirectional. Here, we used RNA interference to investigate the role of cytoplasmic dynein in powering these transport events. To reveal transport of MTs and NFs, we expressed EGFP-tagged tubulin or NF proteins in cultured rat sympathetic neurons and performed live-cell imaging of the fluorescent cytoskeletal elements in photobleached regions of the axon. The occurrence of anterograde MT and retrograde NF movements was significantly diminished in neurons that had been depleted of dynein heavy chain, whereas the occurrence of retrograde MT and anterograde NF movements was unaffected. These results support a cargo model for NF transport and a sliding filament model for MT transport.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200407191 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer particles released by various cellular organisms that carry an array of bioactive molecules. EVs have diagnostic potential, as they play a role in intercellular interspecies communication, and could be applied in drug delivery. In contrast to mammalian cell-derived EVs, the study of EVs from bacteria, particularly Gram-positive bacteria, received less research attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Lipid Res
January 2025
Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address:
Background: The liver plays a central role in fat storage, but little is known about physiological fat accumulation during early development. Here we investigated a transient surge in hepatic lipid droplets observed in newborn mice immediately after birth.
Methods: We developed a novel model to quantify liver fat content without tissue processing.
J Cutan Pathol
January 2025
Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive cutaneous malignancy with neuroendocrine differentiation. Several molecular pathways have been implicated in MCC development and multiple cell-of-origin candidates have been proposed, including neural crest cells, which express acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). The role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in MCC has not been explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Med Res
January 2025
Programa de Investigación de Cancer de Mama, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address:
Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger regulatory factor 2 (NHERF2) is a nucleocytoplasmic protein initially identified as a regulator of membrane-bound sodium-hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3). In the cytoplasm, NHERF2 regulates the activity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including beta-2 adrenergic receptor (2β-AR), lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2, and parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor. In the nucleus, NHERF2 acts as a coregulator of transcription factors such as sex-determining region Y protein (SRY), involved in male sex determination, and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatol Commun
February 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Although bariatric and metabolic surgical methods, including duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB), were shown to improve metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in clinical trials and experimental rodent models, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study therefore evaluated the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of DJB in rats with MASLD.
Methods: Rats with MASLD were randomly assigned to undergo DJB or sham surgery.
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