The first carborane triflates, namely, 1-trifluoromethanesulfonylmethyl-o-carborane (2) and 1,2-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonylmethyl)-o-carborane (7), were obtained in high yields in the reactions of 1-hydroxymethyl-o-carborane (1) or 1,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-o-carborane (6) with triflic anhydride (Tf2O) in CH2Cl2 in the presence of pyridine. When an excess of pyridine is employed, 1-o-carboranylmethylpyridinium triflate (3), which retains a closo-icosahedral structure, or a pyridinium salt (4) with a zwitterionic nido-dicarbaundecaborate anion are obtained from 1, while the nido compound 8 is formed from 6. The reaction of compound 2 or 7 with excess pyridine also gave 3 or 8, respectively. Compound 2 proved to be a convenient carboranylmethylating agent which reacts with nucleophiles (e.g., potassium phthalimide, PPh3 or KCN) to give the corresponding substitution products N-[(o-carboranyl-1-yl)methyl]phthalimide (9), o-carboranylmethylphosphonium salt 10, and 1-cyanomethyl-o-carborane (11). All compounds were characterized by 1H and 11B NMR spectroscopy. The structures of compounds 4, 7 and 8 were established by X-ray analysis.
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