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Possible influence of sex on the relationship between dual-task gait costs and cognitive decline in older adults.
PLoS One
January 2025
Institute of Physiotherapy, FH Joanneum University of Applied Sciences, Graz, Austria.
The impact of cognitive decline in older adults can be evaluated with dual-task gait (DTG) testing in which a cognitive task is performed during walking, leading to increased costs of gait. Previous research demonstrated that higher DTG costs correlate with increasing cognitive deficits and with age. The present study was conducted to explore whether the relationship between the DTG costs and cognitive abilities in older individuals is influenced by sex differences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBidirectional transparency in human-agent communications: effects of direction and level of transparency.
Ergonomics
January 2025
Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
This study investigated whether bidirectional transparency, compared to agent-to-human transparency, improved human-agent collaboration. Additionally, we examined the optimal transparency levels for both humans and agents. We assessed the impact of transparency direction and level on various metrics of a human-agent team, including performance, trust, satisfaction, perceived agent's teaming skills, and mental workload.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFine-tuning a local LLaMA-3 large language model for automated privacy-preserving physician letter generation in radiation oncology.
Front Artif Intell
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Introduction: Generating physician letters is a time-consuming task in daily clinical practice.
Methods: This study investigates local fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs), specifically LLaMA models, for physician letter generation in a privacy-preserving manner within the field of radiation oncology.
Results: Our findings demonstrate that base LLaMA models, without fine-tuning, are inadequate for effectively generating physician letters.
Theta transcranial alternating current stimulation over the prefrontal cortex enhances theta power and working memory performance.
Front Psychiatry
January 2025
Centre for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Introduction: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a promising tool for modulating brain oscillations. This study investigated whether 5 Hz tACS could modulate neural oscillations in the prefrontal cortex and how this modulation impacts performance in working memory (WM) tasks.
Method: In two sessions, 28 healthy participants received 5 Hz tACS or sham stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) while performing tasks with high and low WM loads.
RetroFun-RVS: A Retrospective Family-Based Framework for Rare Variant Analysis Incorporating Functional Annotations.
Genet Epidemiol
March 2025
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
A large proportion of genetic variations involved in complex diseases are rare and located within noncoding regions, making the interpretation of underlying biological mechanisms a daunting task. Although technical and methodological progress has been made to annotate the genome, current disease-rare-variant association tests incorporating such annotations suffer from two major limitations. First, they are generally restricted to case-control designs of unrelated individuals, which often require tens or hundreds of thousands of individuals to achieve sufficient power.
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