The aim of this study is to investigate the potential effect of increased arterial saturation of oxygen in the magnitude of technetium-99m-hexakis-isobutyl-isonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) uptake in tumor tissue and to compare the results with those of conventional 99mTc-MIBI tumor imaging in the same patient with lung cancer. A total of 26 lung cancer patients underwent initial SPECT (I-SPECT) and after oxygen inhalation SPECT (O2-SPECT). The early (ER) and delayed ratios (DR) of O2-SPECT mean+/-S.D. were significantly higher than those of I-SPECT mean+/-S.D. (2.07+/-0.57 vs. 1.90+/-0.48 and 2.02+/-0.45 vs. 1.83+/-0.39, respectively). There are increased rates for the relative tumor uptake of 99mTc-MIBI by 9% for ER and 10% for DR on the O2-SPECT compared to I-SPECT. We found that 99mTc-MIBI uptake increased significantly in the tumor tissue with O2-SPECT compared to I-SPECT. In conclusion, 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy is one of the main methods for differentiating viable and nonviable tissue fractions in tumors. We consider that 99mTc-MIBI uptake increase after oxygen inhalation is an indicator of positive acute cellular response of the tumor tissue to the rising tissue oxygen level.
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