A retrospective one-stage epidemiological trial was made to investigate prevalence of urinary infections (UI), urolithiasis (UL) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) among rural population, to reveal latent or initial stages of these diseases and to specify preventive policy. 2330 rural one-year-olds and older children (n = 345, 14.8%) were covered by a screening examination for bacteriuria, leukocyturia, crystaluria and symptoms of the lower urinary tract caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). UI, UL, BPH were detected in 7.0% (70:1000), 17.9% (179:1000) and 17.3% (173:1000), respectively. UI and UL ran a latent course. The former needed an antibacterial preventive therapy, the latter--prophylaxis of primary lithogenesis. Alpha-adrenoblockers were indicated for BPH patients. All the necessary therapeutic and prophylactic measures can be realized outpatiently by general practitioners.
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