An overview of oral frena and their association with multiple syndromic and nonsyndromic conditions.

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod

College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Lauderdale, FL 33328-6962, USA.

Published: March 2005

The development of abnormal oral frena is an important diagnostic feature of several syndromic states. Five such syndromes are reviewed which include Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, holoprosencephaly, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, and oral-facial-digital syndrome. Each syndrome exhibits relatively specific frena abnormalities, ranging from multiple, hyperplastic, hypoplastic, or absent. 1-8 In addition to abnormal oral frena observed in syndromic conditions, anomalous frena are encountered without other associated phenotypic features of genetic or chromosomal states. 9 This paper is a review of the above stated frena deformities and their management.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.08.008DOI Listing

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