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Palladium-catalyzed indium-mediated reductive aromatic C-H allylation of -benzylsulfonimides with allyl esters.

Chem Commun (Camb)

April 2023

Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.

An unprecedented reductive aromatic C-H allylation reaction of benzyl electrophiles with allyl electrophiles has been established. A range of -benzylsulfonimides smoothly participated in the palladium-catalyzed indium-mediated reductive aromatic C-H allylation with various allyl acetates, delivering structurally diverse allyl(hetero)arenes in moderate to excellent yields with good to excellent site selectivity. The use of inexpensive allyl esters for the reductive aromatic C-H allylation of -benzylsulfonimides avoids the preparation of allyl organometallic reagents in advance and complements traditional functionalization of aromatic rings.

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A highly diastereoselective indium-mediated allylation of 2--acetyl glycosyl sulfinylimines in brine under mild reaction conditions is reported. The method allows the achievement of a highly remarkable dichotomous selectivity for substrates, providing a single diastereoisomer of the product in 80-98% yield. With chiral ()-homoallylic sulfinamide ()- and ()- formed as key intermediates, two potent anti-influenza agents, zanamivir and zanaphosphor, were synthesized in 50% and 41% overall yields, respectively.

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Indium mediated allylation is a highly selective tool for synthetic chemists to create carbon-carbon bonds, but the first step, heterogeneous reaction of allyl halides at solid indium surfaces, is still poorly understood. For example, the nature of the solvent dramatically affects the rate of reaction, but solvent choice is often based on empirical experiments. Fundamental kinetic studies are the best way to study this effect, but the determination of heterogeneous rate constants is challenging.

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Indoloterpenoids of the paxilline type belong to a large family of secondary metabolites that exhibit unique molecular architectures and a diverse set of biological activities. More than 100 congeners identified to date share a common structural motif that contains an indole moiety fused to a rearranged diterpenoid fragment. The representative physiological and cellular effects attributed to this family of natural products include neurological and insecticidal activities, modulation of lipid balance, and inhibition of mitosis.

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Total Synthesis of Aquayamycin.

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