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Efficacy of brain stimulation therapies across psychiatric, movement, and cognitive disorders: an umbrella review synthesizing meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.
EClinicalMedicine
February 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Background: Brain stimulation therapy (BST) has significant potential in treating psychiatric, movement, and cognitive disorders. Given the high prevalence of comorbidities among these disorders, we conducted an umbrella review to comprehensively assess the efficacy of BSTs in treating the core symptoms across these three categories of disorders.
Methods: We systematically searched for meta-analyses and network meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials with sham controls up to September 25, 2024, from databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Library.
Neurodivergence and Threat: A Case Study on the Risk of Violent Fixations in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Cureus
December 2024
Child and Adolescent Inpatient Unit, Tower Behavioral Health, Reading, USA.
Mass shootings have increasingly captured public attention in recent decades, prompting closer examination of the mental health of those responsible. This scrutiny often focuses on individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While epidemiological evidence is mixed on whether these individuals are more likely to commit acts of violence than the general public, certain behavioral characteristics may make them more vulnerable to extremist ideations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOverview of basic design recommendations for user-centered explanation interfaces for AI-based clinical decision support systems: A scoping review.
Digit Health
January 2025
Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Objective: The application of artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical decision support systems (CDSS) in the healthcare domain is still limited. End-users' difficulty understanding how the outputs of opaque black AI models are generated contributes to this. It is still unknown which explanations are best presented to end users and how to design the interfaces they are presented in (explanation user interface, XUI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolving Landscape of Parkinson's Disease Research: Challenges and Perspectives.
ACS Omega
January 2025
CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It occurs due to a gradual deficit of dopamine-producing brain cells, particularly in the substantia nigra. The precise etiology of PD is not fully understood, but it likely involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFValidation of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture 2.0 in Italian Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study of Healthcare Personnel Perceptions.
J Adv Nurs
January 2025
Dipartimento Scienze Della Salute, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.
Aim(s): To adapt and validate the HSOPS 2 instrument for the Italian context and to describe the current patient safety culture amongst healthcare personnel working in Italian hospitals.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: We adapted and validated the HSOPS 2 instrument following the COSMIN guidelines: we performed a forward-backward translation, calculated the content validity index, evaluated face validity, acceptability (percentage of participants responding to all items on the questionnaire and to every specific item), construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis), and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha for each dimension).
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