To understand hypothermia as a stress condition we determined the expression and localization of Hsp70 under hyperthermic and hypothermic stress in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Western blot analysis indicates that there was a statistically significant increase of Hsp70 expression under thermal stresses. Immunohistochemically, the distribution of inducible Hsp70 in stressed cells showed a granular pattern mostly in the cytoplasm. At subcellular level, Hsp70 was localized in the nucleus, vacuoles, cytoskeletal components and dispersed throughout the cytoplasm. Accumulation of Hsp70 in cells under hypothermia could be related to restitution of cell equilibrium modified by this thermal stress condition. The protective effect of hypothermia could be associated with promotion of Hsp expression. We suggest that hypothermia is a stress capable of inducing Hsp70 expression in human HepG2 cells.
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