Bradycardia and hypotension are common during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). We present a case of possible reversible global cerebral hypoperfusion during distal grafting of the left circumflex coronary artery. The bispectral index (BIS) suddenly decreased from values of 45-50 to 0 during distal grafting. Neurologic evaluation after immediate tracheal extubation in the operating room was normal and the 58 yr old patient did not suffer any neurologic sequelae. Postoperative recovery was uneventful and the patient was discharged 5 days after surgery. Cerebral hypoperfusion is a possible complication during OPCAB. BIS monitoring in OPCAB could be an indicator of cerebral hypoperfusion.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000140245.44494.12 | DOI Listing |
Medicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Haiyan People's Hospital Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.
This study aimed to evaluate changes in cerebral blood flow and perioperative outcomes in patients with unilateral symptomatic carotid artery stenosis before and after carotid artery stenting (CAS), providing insights to guide surgical decision-making. Ninety-six patients with moderate to severe unilateral symptomatic carotid artery stenosis (>50%) admitted to the Neurology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from June 2023 to April 2024 were included. All patients underwent CAS and magnetic resonance imaging, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and 3D quasi-continuous arterial spin-labeled perfusion imaging, within 3 days preoperatively and on the third postoperative day.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroscience
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511 AlBeheira, Egypt.
Cerebrolysin (CBL) is a combination of neurotrophic peptides and amino acids derived from pig brains. CBL can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and its biological effect is similar to the effect of endogenous neurotrophic effects. The mechanism of action of CBL is related to the induction of neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, and neurotrophicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pathol
January 2025
Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
Chitinase 1 (CHIT1), as a chitin-specific hydrolase, significantly influences the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through microglia-associated inflammation and amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation. However, the precise mechanism of CHIT1 action in AD remains uncertain. The effects of CHIT1 on cerebral blood flow (CBF), hippocampal volume, and cognitive function were investigated in APP/PS1 mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurotherapeutics
January 2025
Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA; Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA. Electronic address:
Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is the physiological process by which cerebral blood flow is maintained during fluctuations in arterial blood pressure (ABP). There are various validated methods to measure CA, either invasively, with intracranial pressure or brain tissue oxygenation monitors, or noninvasively, with transcranial Doppler ultrasound or near-infrared spectroscopy. Utilizing these monitors, researchers have been able to discern CA patterns in several pathological states, such as but not limited to acute ischemic stroke, spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, sepsis, and post-cardiac arrest, and they have found CA to be altered in these patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytomedicine
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Nervous System Tumors and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; JXHC Key Laboratory of Neurological Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China. Electronic address:
Background: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) contributes significantly to white matter injury (WMI) and cognitive impairment, often leading to vascular dementia (VaD). Inefficient clearance of myelin debris by microglia impedes white matter repair, making microglia-mediated myelin clearance a promising therapeutic strategy for WMI. Puerarin (Pu), an isoflavonoid monomer from Pueraria lobata, is known for its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties.
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