Sexual mimicry among animals is widespread, but does it impart a fertilization advantage in the widely accepted 'sneak-guard' model of sperm competition? Here we describe field results in which a dramatic facultative switch in sexual phenotype by sneaker-male cuttlefish leads to immediate fertilization success, even in the presence of the consort male. These results are surprising, given the high rate at which females reject copulation attempts by males, the strong mate-guarding behaviour of consort males, and the high level of sperm competition in this complex mating system.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/433212a | DOI Listing |
In Japan, around 3,000 females have died of cervical cancer annually. Cervical cancer is caused by sexually transmitted infections of the human papillomavirus (HPV); it is preventable by vaccinations against oncogenic HPV types, such as types 16 and 18. In Japan, the proactive recommendations for HPV vaccinations were suspended in June 2013 due to public concerns about neuropsychological "diverse symptoms" following HPV vaccinations.
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October 2024
Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Electronic address:
Some male swordtail fish mimic female 'pregnancy spots' to reduce aggression from rival males and gain a fitness advantage. This sexual mimicry is linked to evolutionary changes in the regulatory region of the kit-liganda gene that controls melanocyte development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
September 2024
European Student Think Tank, Public Health and Policy Working Group, 1058 Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Curr Biol
October 2024
Department of Biology, Stanford University, 327 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de las Huastecas "Aguazarca" A.C., 16 de Septiembre, 392 Barrio Aguazarca, Calnali, Hidalgo 43240, México; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 327 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address:
How phenotypic diversity originates and persists within populations are classic puzzles in evolutionary biology. While balanced polymorphisms segregate within many species, it remains rare for both the genetic basis and the selective forces to be known, leading to an incomplete understanding of many classes of traits under balancing selection. Here, we uncover the genetic architecture of a balanced sexual mimicry polymorphism and identify behavioral mechanisms that may be involved in its maintenance in the swordtail fish Xiphophorus birchmanni.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Rev Camb Philos Soc
February 2025
Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, 74078, USA.
Plants and animals are often adorned with potentially conspicuous colours (e.g. red, yellow, orange, blue, purple).
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