The use of RNA interference (RNAi) in mammalian cells has become a powerful tool for the analysis of gene function. Here we discuss the use of DNA vectors to produce short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) and inhibit gene expression in mammalian neural progenitors and neurons. Protocols are presented for introducing shRNA vectors into mouse P19 cells differentiated as neurons in vitro and for electroporation of shRNA vectors into primary neural progenitors from the embryonic mouse dorsal telencephalon (prospective cerebral cortex). Transfected primary cortical progenitors can be differentiated in vitro either in dissociated culture or organotypic slice culture. The use of shRNA vectors for RNAi provides a versatile approach to understand gene function during mammalian neural development.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(04)92011-3 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Unlabelled: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occur. Developmental stages significantly influence the variations in brain alterations. However, whether ASD comorbid with ADHD (ASD + ADHD) represents a unique neural characteristic from ASD without comorbid ADHD (ASD-alone), or instead manifests a shared neural correlate associated with ASD across diverse age cohorts remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Physiol
January 2025
National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India.
Axon pathfinding is a highly dynamic process regulated by the interactions between cell-surface guidance receptors and guidance cues present in the extracellular environment. During development, precise axon pathfinding is crucial for the formation of functional neural circuits. The spatiotemporal expression of axon guidance receptors helps the navigating axon make correct decisions in a complex environment comprising both attractive and repulsive guidance cues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropsychopharmacol Rep
March 2025
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Background: Contactin-5 (CNTN5), a neural adhesion molecule involved in synaptogenesis and synaptic maturation in the auditory pathway, has been associated with the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly hyperacusis. To investigate the role of rare CNTN5 variants in ASD susceptibility, we performed resequencing and association analysis in a Japanese population.
Methods: We resequenced the CNTN5 coding regions in 302 patients with ASD and prioritized rare putatively damaging variants.
Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol
March 2025
Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Background: Neurally mediated syncope (NMS) is the primary cause of temporary and self-limiting loss of consciousness. The tilt table test (TTT) has been consistently employed as a supplementary diagnostic tool for syncope evaluation. However, TTT requires specialized equipment, which is lacking in several emergency room and clinic environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Peripher Nerv Syst
March 2025
Neurology Research Unit, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Background And Aims: Loss of motor units in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is difficult to assess by conventional nerve conduction due to collateral innervation. We aimed to assess the association between a motor unit number estimate (MUNE) derived from the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) scan using MScanFit and hand function and the clinical response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).
Methods: Forty-nine CIDP patients and 52 control subjects were included.
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