The aim of the present study was to examine possible long-term effects of the anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS), nandrolone decanoate (ND), on dominance in a provoking and competitive situation in sexually matured male rats. The experimental group (n=10) received daily injections of ND [15 mg/kg in a volume of 1 ml/kg subcutaneous (s.c.) injection for 14 days]. During the corresponding period, the controls (n=10) were given daily injections of an oil vehicle (1 ml/kg s.c.). All animals were tested in a competitive situation at four occasions after the end of the treatment period (week 5, 8, 11 and 14). Water-deprived pairs of rats, consisting of one ND-treated rat and one control, had to compete for access to water. The results showed that the ND-treated rats approached the water spout significantly more often compared to the controls. During the competition tests, the ND-treated rats spent more time drinking, an effect that was prominent for 11 weeks after the end of the treatment period. The ND-treated rats also displayed more frequently piloerection than the controls. The results indicate that ND has long-term effect on dominance in a provoking and competitive situation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.10.012 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Traditional online and live-streaming dual-channel strategies and pricing policies.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Management Science and Statistics, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America.
This study examines the pricing policies and the dual-channel strategies in a two-tier supply chain where a manufacturer distributes products through a retailer and considers the opening of a traditional direct online channel or a live-streaming sales channel The manufacturer has three sales modes, i.e., traditional retail channel only, opening a traditional direct online channel and opening a live-streaming direct sales channel, to consider.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Dual Role of ADAMTS9-AS1 in Various Human Cancers: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem
January 2025
Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA distinguished by a length exceeding 200 nucleotides. Recent studies indicated that lncRNAs participate in various biological processes, such as chromatin remodeling, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, and the modulation of cell proliferation, death, and differentiation, hence influencing gene expression and cellular function. ADAMTS9-AS1, an antisense long non-coding RNA situated on human chromosome 3p14.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe MuCAYA Study-Influence of Physical Activity and Metabolic Parameters on the Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System in Young Athletes.
CJC Open
December 2024
Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich (TUM) School of Medicine and Health, TUM, Munich, Germany.
Exercise has a significant impact on the cardiovascular (CV) health of children and adolescents, with resultant alterations in CV structure and function being evident, even at an early age. Engagement in regular, moderate physical activity (PA) is associated with long-term CV health benefits and a reduced risk of CV disease and mortality later in life. However, competitive sports often involve PA training intensities that are beyond recommended levels for young athletes, potentially leading to adverse CV outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGadopiclenol: A q = 2 Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agent Combining High Stability and Efficacy.
Invest Radiol
October 2024
From the Research and Innovation Department, Guerbet, Roissy, France (I.M., M.-C.D.G., J.-F.M., A.D., Y.B., N.D., I.S., G.B., C.M., C.F., O.R., S.C.); General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium (C.H., S.L.); and Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany (C.K., T.J.M., U.K.).
Objectives: Gadopiclenol is a q = 2 pyclen gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, and other European countries. The aim of this report is to demonstrate its stability in multiple stressed in vitro conditions and in vivo, in rat kidney, while maintaining its higher relaxivity compared with conventional GBCAs on the market.
Materials And Methods: Both gadopiclenol and its chemical precursor Pi828-Gd were characterized and compared with q = 1 gadolinium (Gd) complexes.
Cognition in elite soccer players: a general model.
Front Psychol
December 2024
F. C. Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
This paper presents a general model of the cognitive processes involved in each play situation of soccer at the elite level. Theoretically the model draws on general frameworks from cognitive psychology and neuroscience, in particular the affordance competition hypothesis and the reward prediction error theory. The model includes three functional stages: situational assessment, action selection and execution, and outcome assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!