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Imaging the Brainstem Raphe in Medication-Overuse Headache: Pathophysiological Insights and Implications for Personalized Care.
Biomedicines
January 2025
Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
: Medication-overuse headache (MOH) is a disabling condition affecting patients with chronic migraine resulting from excessive use of acute headache medication. It is characterized by both pain modulation and addiction-like mechanisms involving the brainstem raphe, a region critical to serotonergic signaling. This study investigates whether alterations in the brainstem raphe, assessed via transcranial sonography (TCS), are associated with MOH and independent of depressive symptoms, aiming to explore their utility as a biomarker.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Paranoia and Social Functioning in Schizophrenia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Biol Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX, United States. Electronic address:
Background: Innovative treatments for paranoia, which significantly impairs social functioning in schizophrenia (SCZ), are urgently needed. The pathophysiology of paranoia implicates the amygdala-prefrontal (PFC) circuits; thus, this study systematically investigated whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the ventrolateral PFC can attenuate paranoia and improve social functioning in SCZ.
Methods: A double-blind, within-subjects, crossover design was used to compare active vs.
Optimizing TMS dosimetry: evaluating the effective electric field as a novel metric.
Phys Med Biol
January 2025
Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET) , University of Rome La Sapienza, Via Eudossiana 18, Rome, 00184, ITALY.
Objective: This study introduces the effective electric field (Eeff) as a novel observable for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) numerical dosimetry. Eeff represents the electric field component aligned with the local orientation of cortical and white matter neuronal elements. To assess the utility of Eeff as a predictive measure for TMS outcomes, we evaluated its correlation with TMS induced muscle responses and compared it against conventional observables, including the electric (E-)field magnitude, and its components normal and tangential to the cortical surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscranial Doppler sonography follow-up study in mild vascular cognitive impairment.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Background: To date, few data to transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) are available in patients with mild vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) at risk for vascular or mixed dementia. In a previous study in patients with mild VCI and cerebral small vessels disease, a hemodynamic pattern of cerebral hypoperfusion and enhanced vascular resistance were observed; however, longitudinal data are currently lacking. Here, we perform a clinical, psychopathological, and neurosonological follow-up of patients with VCI in order to monitor any progression and to identify TCD measures to detect it.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepeated transcranial magnetic stimulation on the bilateral cerebellum to improve symptoms of ataxia with multiple system atrophy: a prospective, randomized, sham-controlled pilot study.
Neurol Sci
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China.
Objectives: Ataxia is a common symptom in patients with Cerebellar subtype of Multiple system atrophy (MSA-C), but effective treatments remain elusive. The present study aims to investigate whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the bilateral cerebellum could relieve ataxia in patients with MSA-C.
Patients And Methods: This is a single-center, randomized and double-blind trial.
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