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Decreasing hepatitis B seroprevalence in pregnant women in Taiwan between 2016 and 2021: a claim-based cohort study.
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) seroprevalence was high before the national vaccine policy was introduced in Taiwan, indicating significant HBV infection rates. The success of the HBV immunization program and other preventive measures likely led to decreased HBsAg prevalence among pregnant women. This study reports on the HBV seroprevalence among pregnant women in Taiwan from 2016 to 2021, including those potentially affected by the universal hepatitis B vaccination at birth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFatal dengue virus infection in an unvaccinated traveler.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
December 2024
Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Dengue is an increasing threat to individuals living in or visiting endemic countries. Effective vaccines have become available, but their use in travelers is typically only recommended to individuals with documented prior infection. We present a fatal case of severe dengue in an unvaccinated traveler without known prior dengue virus infection but longitudinal serologic and molecular evidence for secondary infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal Estimates of Vaccine-Associated Hepatic Autoimmune Disorders and Their Related Vaccines, 1968-2024: An International Analysis of the WHO Pharmacovigilance Database.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Introduction: Previous studies have suggested an association between vaccines and autoimmune diseases, but they were limited by their narrow focus and timeframe.
Methods: This study conducted the first large-scale international analysis to investigate the impact of various vaccines on autoimmune liver diseases. Utilizing WHO's VigiBase data from 1968 to 2024, and the study identified 1,083 (0.
Rotavirus-specific-IgA and cytokines responses in infected preschool-aged Nigerian children following rotavirus vaccination.
J Immunoassay Immunochem
January 2025
Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Article Synopsis
- Rotavirus infection in preschool-aged Nigerian children increases intestinal health issues and affects immune responses, which can reduce the effectiveness of the rotavirus vaccine.
- A study measured immune markers such as rotavirus-specific IgA and various cytokines before and after vaccination in children with rotavirus infection compared to children without helminth infections.
- Results showed that infected children had lower levels of certain cytokines post-vaccination and diminished RV-IgA levels, indicating that the infection negatively impacts vaccine response.
rVSV-ZEBOV vaccination in people with pre-existing immunity to Ebolavirus: an open-label safety and immunogenicity study in Guinean communities affected by Ebola virus disease (l'essai proches).
BMC Med
November 2024
World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the effectiveness and safety of the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine against Zaire Ebolavirus disease among contacts of EVD survivors, focusing on the influence of pre-existing immunity on vaccination outcomes.
- Ten percent of participants had pre-existing antibodies, but both those with and without antibodies showed significant increases in IgG levels post-vaccination, indicating strong immune responses.
- The findings support the vaccine's safety and suggest that pre-vaccination antibody screening is unnecessary, as it does not negatively impact the immune response to the vaccine.
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