The genetic variation of Japanese isolates of Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever, was found for the first time. Forty-nine out of 72 isolates had the chronic pattern of the isocitrate hydrogenase gene. Sequence analysis revealed that the isolates have a specific nucleotide sequence. The putative amino acid sequence was the same as that of chronic reference strains. These results suggest the variation of C. burnetii isolates in Japan.
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