Psychopharmacology (Berl)
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
Published: January 2005
Rationale: Antidepressants preferentially facilitating serotonin seem to be particularly effective for treating the anxiety and aggressive component of the depressive syndrome, whereas those with a noradrenergic profile seem to be more effective in reducing psychomotor retardation, although their overall antidepressant effects are about the same. However, the mechanism of this difference remains unknown.
Objectives: To investigate the neural substrate for the different therapeutic efficacies of fluoxetine and reboxetine, we examined the regional Fos immunoreactivity (Fos-ir) induced by the two agents.
Methods: Male Wistar rats (290-330 g) were given a subcutaneous injection of fluoxetine (5 or 10 mg/kg), reboxetine (5 or 10 mg/kg) or saline. Two hours later, rats were perfused through the ascending aorta and their brains were processed for Fos immunohistochemistry. Fos-ir was quantified by counting the number of Fos-ir-positive nuclei in six areas of the forebrain.
Results: The shell of the nucleus accumbens was the only region in which both fluoxetine and reboxetine equally increased Fos-ir expression. Fluoxetine particularly induced Fos-ir in the central nucleus of the amygdala. In contrast, reboxetine induced Fos-ir in the cingulate cortex area 3 and the lateral orbital cortex.
Conclusions: These results suggest that the shell region may be one possible target for the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine and reboxetine. Furthermore, the difference in their clinical effects may depend on their different target sites of action.
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Drugs Aging
April 2024
Department of Rehabilitation, C.R.R.F. "Mons. L. Novarese", Loc. Trompone SNC, 13040, Moncrivello, VC, Italy.
Detailed data on post-stroke depression (PSD) in older adults are limited in spite of the high vulnerability of this population to stroke. In fact, PSD prevalence in older adults ranges from 16.0 to 43.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Psychiatr Scand
May 2024
Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Background: Long-term studies comparing nonresponse to antidepressants for major depressive disorder (MDD) are lacking.
Aims: To present systematic population-based nation-wide register data on comparative 2-year non-response within six antidepressant drug classes and 17 different antidepressants in patients with MDD.
Method: The study included all 106,920 patients in Denmark with a first main index diagnosis of MDD at a psychiatric hospital inpatient or outpatient contact and who subsequently had a purchase of an antidepressant in the period from 1995 to 2018.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
November 2023
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Background: A panic attack is a discrete period of fear or anxiety that has a rapid onset and reaches a peak within 10 minutes. The main symptoms involve bodily systems, such as racing heart, chest pain, sweating, shaking, dizziness, flushing, churning stomach, faintness and breathlessness. Other recognised panic attack symptoms involve fearful cognitions, such as the fear of collapse, going mad or dying, and derealisation (the sensation that the world is unreal).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Chem Biol
December 2023
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address:
Depression pathology remains elusive. The monoamine hypothesis has placed much focus on serotonin, but due to the variable clinical efficacy of monoamine reuptake inhibitors, the community is looking for alternative therapies such as ketamine (neurogenesis theory of antidepressant action). There is evidence that different classes of antidepressants may affect serotonin levels; a notion we test here.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
September 2023
Department of Adult Psychiatry, Chair of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
We aimed to systematically evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of adverse events associated with the adaptogens and antidepressant drug interactions in a retrospective chart review. A total of 1,816 reports of adverse events were evaluated. Cases were included in the analysis if the pharmacoepidemiological analysis showed the presence of a high probability of a causal relationship between an adaptogen and antidepressant interaction and the occurrence of adverse events.
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