AI Article Synopsis
- Staphylococcus epidermidis is a key contributor to catheter-related infections due to its ability to form biofilms, which requires specific genes (icaADBC locus and icaR) for adhesion.
- The study assessed how frequently these genes appear in clinical isolates, their relationship with biofilm production and antibiotic resistance, and the genetic diversity of the isolates.
- Findings revealed that 45% of the isolates had the icaADBC operon, showing greater antibiotic resistance, and that while biofilm formation varied, certain gene co-expression was linked to higher production levels, with genetically diverse isolates within the ica-positive group.
Article Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is an important cause of catheter-associated infections, which are attributed to its ability to form a multilayered biofilm on polymeric surfaces. This ability depends, in part, on the activity of the icaADBC locus and the icaR gene, which are involved in the production of the polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) that is functionally necessary for cell-to-cell adhesion and biofilm accumulation. The present study determined: (1) the prevalence of the icaADBC operon in S. epidermidis isolates from catheter-related and other nosocomial infections; (2) the correlation between the presence of this operon, biofilm production and resistance to antibiotics; (3) the expression of ica genes and biofilm production; and (4) the genetic relatedness of the isolates. The results showed that icaRADBC was present in 45% of the isolates included in the study, and that such isolates were significantly more resistant to the main antibiotics tested than were ica-negative isolates. The presence of the entire cluster did not always correlate with biofilm production, determined under different culture conditions, but there was evidence to suggest a correlation when at least two genes (icaAD) were co-transcribed. Eight of 18 ica-positive isolates had the entire operon in the same restriction fragment after pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, but the isolates were not clonal. Estimation of genetic relatedness indicated that ica-positive S. epidermidis isolates belonged to different lineages, distributed in only one of two major clusters, with a genetic distance of c. 0.12.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2004.01024.x | DOI Listing |
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