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Use of the FHTHWA Index as a Novel Approach for Predicting the Incidence of Diabetes in a Japanese Population Without Diabetes: Data Analysis Study.
JMIR Med Inform
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Background: Many tools have been developed to predict the risk of diabetes in a population without diabetes; however, these tools have shortcomings that include the omission of race, inclusion of variables that are not readily available to patients, and low sensitivity or specificity.
Objective: We aimed to develop and validate an easy, systematic index for predicting diabetes risk in the Asian population.
Methods: We collected the data from the NAGALA (NAfld [nonalcoholic fatty liver disease] in the Gifu Area, Longitudinal Analysis) database.
Parents' awareness towards preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment.
BMC Res Notes
January 2025
King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Objectives: This study aims to assess the awareness and acceptance of preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment among Saudi perents.
Methods: The study used a 29-question questionnaire, covering parents' demographic data, parents' awareness of malocclusion and habits, and parents' acceptance of treatment. It included visuals of different malocclusions, normal occlusion, and specific habits.
TAD-SIE: sample size estimation for clinical randomized controlled trials using a Trend-Adaptive Design with a Synthetic-Intervention-Based Estimator.
Trials
January 2025
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, 08544, NJ, USA.
Background: Phase-3 clinical trials provide the highest level of evidence on drug safety and effectiveness needed for market approval by implementing large randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, 30-40% of these trials fail mainly because such studies have inadequate sample sizes, stemming from the inability to obtain accurate initial estimates of average treatment effect parameters.
Methods: To remove this obstacle from the drug development cycle, we present a new algorithm called Trend-Adaptive Design with a Synthetic-Intervention-Based Estimator (TAD-SIE) that powers a parallel-group trial, a standard RCT design, by leveraging a state-of-the-art hypothesis testing strategy and a novel trend-adaptive design (TAD).
Understanding the local-level variations in seasonality of human respiratory syncytial virus infection: a systematic analysis.
BMC Med
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Background: While previous reports characterised global and regional variations in RSV seasonality, less is known about local variations in RSV seasonal characteristics. This study aimed to understand the local-level variations in RSV seasonality and to explore the role of geographical, meteorological, and socio-demographic factors in explaining these variations.
Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review to identify published studies reporting data on local-level RSV season onset, offset, or duration for at least two local sites.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender clinical competence of health professionals in Poland and Spain: results of the health exclusion research in Europe (HERE) study.
BMC Med Educ
January 2025
Group of Research in Care and Health (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, 26006, Spain.
Introduction: Health disparities experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals have been partially attributed to healthcare professionals' lack of cultural competence in addressing their specific needs. This study aimed to assess the differences in competencies and preparedness among health professionals from Poland and Spain when working with LGBT patients.
Methodology: Data were collected between June and August 2024 through a cross-sectional survey involving 673 health professionals (Mage = 33.
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