Daptomycin pharmacokinetics were studied in adult volunteers who were moderately obese (body mass index [BMI] = 25-39.9 kg/m2) or morbidly obese (BMI > or =40 kg/m2) and a matched (gender, age, renal function) nonobese (BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2) control group. All subjects received a dose of 4 mg/kg total body weight (TBW) by intravenous infusion (30 minutes). Daptomycin plasma half-life, the fraction of the dose excreted unchanged in urine, and daptomycin absolute renal clearance (mL/h) were unchanged as a function of obesity. The absolute volume of distribution (Vz and Vss) and plasma clearance (CL) for daptomycin were higher in obese subjects as compared to nonobese matched controls. The rate of change of Vz and CL with increasing BMI was greater when these pharmacokinetic parameters were expressed in absolute terms compared to when they were normalized for TBW or ideal body weight. This suggests that increases in body mass associated with obesity are proportionality higher than the corresponding increases in Vd and CL. Exposure to daptomycin in obese subjects (Cmax, AUC) was increased 25% and 30%, respectively, compared to nonobese matched controls, well within the range that was previously determined to be safe and well tolerated. Daptomycin may be dosed based on total body weight, and no adjustment in daptomycin dose or dose regimen should be required based solely on obesity.
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Arch Argent Pediatr
January 2025
Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Failure to thrive is a general term describing infants who do not reach weight, length, or body mass index expected for their age. It can be related often to malnutrition due to inadequate caloric and protein intake, but also to excessive loss of nutrients, inadequate metabolism, inadequate absorption, or excessive caloric and energy expenditure. It may be either organic or inorganic in origin, and in most cases, does not require investigation through complementary examinations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHGG Adv
January 2025
Insitro, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are often performed on ratios composed of a numerator trait divided by a denominator trait. Examples include body mass index (BMI) and the waist-to-hip ratio, among many others. Explicitly or implicitly, the goal of forming the ratio is typically to adjust for an association between the numerator and denominator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObes Res Clin Pract
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Bioethics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Background: Lifestyle modification (LM) is the mainstay in the management of obese children. This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of a pediatric cohort participating in a hospital-based LM program.
Methods: Overweight/obese children and adolescents who visited a multidisciplinary LM program "The Health and Vitality Clinic" were included.
Pharmacol Res
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.
Phenolic acid-rich fraction from Anisopus mannii (PhAM) contains abundance of ferulic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, and syringic acid. Among other glycolytic enzymes, in vitro, PhAM counteracted the binding of sodium orthovanadate to phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1), improving its activities. In a rat model of diet-induced diabetes, PhAM monotherapy reduced HbA1c by an average of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Biomed Online
September 2024
ART Fertility Clinic, Royal Marina Village, B22-23, POB 60202 Abu Dhabi, UAE.
Research Question: Does endometrial preparation using a natural cycle lead to higher live birth rates (LBR) in single euploid frozen embryo transfers (FET) compared with programmed cycles, for women who are normal weight, overweight and obese.
Design: Retrospective study of 845 single euploid FETs from 688 couples. Patients were stratified by body mass index (BMI) into normal weight, overweight and obesity class I/II categories.
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