On 30 June 1947, after a fifteen-month illness, seventeen-year-old Johnny Gunther died from a rare brain tumor. In Death Be Not Proud, Johnny's father, noted journalist John Gunther, meticulously recorded the exhaustive hunt for therapeutic options he and his ex-wife pursued during their son's illness. In "A Word from Frances," a short section written by Johnny's mother, she reflected upon her relationship with her son and his untimely death. The inclusion of Johnny's letters and diary entries helped to preserve Johnny's voice after his death and, consequently, to personify one young cancer sufferer and his family. In the 1940s, when cancer was identified as a leading cause of childhood mortality, Johnny and the best-selling memoir helped raise cancer awareness, especially about young sufferers. However, thousands of letters sent from across the country attested to the broader impact of the Gunthers' poignant story. Letters from parents demonstrated that cancer, childhood illness, and death threatened two ideals of postwar America: unlimited biomedical progress, and the child-centered family.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2004.0177 | DOI Listing |
Mod Br Hist
January 2025
Centre for Urban History, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom.
The explosion of pop culture in Britain between the late 1950s and the late sixties is usually taken to have been an urban phenomenon. Pop was the 'sound of the city' in Britain as much as America. But what kind of 'urban' was involved-big city, small town, centre, suburb? What kind of geographical reach did pop have across the different parts of the United Kingdom in the 1960s? What was the significance of London in a cultural movement that was simultaneously national and international? Understanding where pop was made and performed in its formative years helps explain why it took off so spectacularly in sixties Britain; it illuminates why post-war Britain was so receptive to and generative of pop music as well as the music's nationwide appeal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHist Philos Life Sci
December 2024
Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Department II, Berlin, Germany.
The Cultural Evolution Society was established in 2015 to "catalyze a theoretical synthesis" in the scientific study of human culture. As a field of research, cultural evolution took shape in the 1970s and 1980s around the aim of incorporating culture into biology's modern evolutionary synthesis. Cultural evolution grew around the turn of the twenty-first century at the interface of population genetics and cognitive psychology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Med
November 2024
Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Community active case finding (ACF) for tuberculosis was widely implemented in Europe and North America between 1940 and 1970, when incidence was comparable to many present-day high-burden countries. Using an interrupted time series analysis, we analysed the effect of the 1957 Glasgow mass chest X-ray campaign to inform contemporary approaches to screening.
Methods And Findings: Case notifications for 1950 to 1963 were extracted from public health records and linked to demographic data.
Can J Health Hist
April 2024
Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Through the late-twentieth century, physicians endorsed the denial of life-saving surgeries to infants because they had Down syndrome. Grim physician assessments of the inevitable burden of Down syndrome found ideological footing in the 1970s crusade to eradicate the condition, a public health goal made possible by new genetic diagnostics and a weakened abortion law. What is most striking about this physician-sanctioned passive euthanasia is that it persisted even in an era of unprecedented expansion of disability rights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHist Psychol
August 2024
Department of Psychology, York University.
The 1960s and 1970s saw the overt "politicization" of the American Psychological Association as an organization. Politics in this context carried a dual meaning referring to both political lobbying to promote the interests of psychology as a health profession and grassroots political action to advance social justice causes. In the years between the passage of the Community Mental Health Act (1963) and the Vail Conference on levels and patterns of professional training in psychology (1973), these two forms of politics were intertwined.
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