The prevalence and correlates of illicit methylphenidate use were examined within a nationally representative U.S. sample of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders. The annual prevalence of illicit methylphenidate use was 4%. Race, grade level, geographical region, grade point average, and substance use were all significantly associated with illicit methylphenidate use.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.02.004 | DOI Listing |
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Adverse events and safety concerns among university students who misused stimulants to increase academic performance.
Einstein (Sao Paulo)
December 2024
Faculdades Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- - The study evaluated psychostimulant drug use among 389 health-related university students in Minas Gerais, Brazil, revealing a 21% prevalence, primarily among men, medicine, and psychology students.
- - Methylphenidate was the most commonly used drug, with many students using it without a prescription; 65% reported having a medical diagnosis, but many did not have valid indications for use.
- - The findings highlight significant risks associated with psychostimulant use, including side effects and drug interactions, emphasizing the need for educational policies to prevent inappropriate usage among students.
Introduction: There have been substantial increases in the use of Schedule II stimulants in the United States. Schedule II stimulants are the gold standard treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but also carry the risk of addiction. Since the neurocognitive deficits seen in ADHD resemble those of chronic cannabis use, and the rise in stimulant use is incompletely understood, this study sought to determine if recreational cannabis (RC) legalization increased distribution rates of Schedule II stimulants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychostimulants and social behaviors.
Front Pharmacol
April 2024
Centro de Investigación Biomédica y Aplicada (CIBAP), Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile.
Mounting evidence from animal models and human studies indicates that psychostimulants can significantly affect social behaviors. This is not surprising considering that the neural circuits underlying the regulation and expression of social behaviors are highly overlapped with those targeted by psychostimulants, which in most cases have strong rewarding and, consequently, addictive properties. In the present work, we provide an overview regarding the effects of illicit and prescription psychostimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamine-type stimulants, methylphenidate or modafinil, upon social behaviors such as social play, maternal behavior, aggression, pair bonding and social cognition and how psychostimulants in both animals and humans alter them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSelf-reported neurostimulant use among university students in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
J Ethn Subst Abuse
March 2024
Universidade Franciscana - UFN, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
University students frequently resort to psychostimulants to enhance their physical and mental performance and manage academic pressures. However, these substances can lead to dependence and other undesired symptoms, and little empirical data are available for relevant stakeholders, raising significant concerns in health care. Therefore, this study aims to characterize neurostimulant use among university students in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComprehensive metabolic investigation of dopamine reuptake inhibitor HDMP-28 in equine liver microsomes and Cunninghamella elegans for doping control.
Drug Test Anal
October 2024
Department of Bacteriology, Diagnostic Section, Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
A dopamine reuptake inhibitor is a type of medication or substance that works by blocking the reuptake of dopamine in the brain. Dopamine reuptake inhibitors offer multiple effects, including increased alertness, improved mood, and therapeutic potential for conditions like depression, ADHD, and Parkinson's disease. HDMP-28, or methylnaphthidate, is a potent synthetic stimulant from the phenyltropane class.
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