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Penicillin is a frequently reported medication allergy. The beta-lactam ring shared between cephalosporins and penicillin often leads to the use of alternative antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis due to concern for cross-reactivity, despite a true IgE-mediated hypersensitivity being very rare. This misconception leads to the use of less effective second line antibiotics, such as clindamycin or vancomycin, for penicillin-allergic patients which has been shown to increase odds of postoperative infection in elective knee arthroplasty, shoulder arthroplasty and spine surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Efficacy of Prophylactic Vancomycin in Decreasing Surgical Site Infections in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients: A Large Multicenter Cohort Study.
Iowa Orthop J
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners for Children Medical Center, Pasadena, California, USA.
Background: The use of vancomycin powder in spine surgery has been supported in adult populations, however, its efficacy in preventing postoperative surgical site infections in AIS patients is yet to be determined.
Methods: A multi-center review was conducted from June 2010 to February 2019, using ICD and CPT codes to identify AIS patients who underwent primary PSF. The patients were divided into two groups: the vancomycin cohort (receiving local vancomycin powder prior to wound closure) and the non-vancomycin cohort.
Characterization of Enterobacterales growing on selective CPE screening plates with a focus on non-carbapenemase-producing strains.
Microbiol Spectr
January 2025
National Institute for Antibiotic Resistance and Infection Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Unlabelled: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are divided into two distinct groups: carbapenemase-producing (CPE) and non-carbapenemase-producing (non-CPE). The population of non-CPE growing on CPE selective plates during routine screening is usually not reported and is not well defined. This study aimed to characterize non-CPE isolates growing on those plates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Issues and recommendations on antibacterial treatment and post-exposure chemoprophylaxis for pertussis].
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
January 2025
Department of Infectious Disease,Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center (Shanghai), Shanghai 200032, China.
Pertussis is an important public health and clinical issue in China currently. Macrolide resistance in is a serious challenge to prevent and manage pertussis in China. Early, timely and effective antimicrobial therapy plays an important role in alleviating disease, reducing complications and severe diseases, eliminating carriers and reducing secondary transmission, and implementing post-exposure chemoprophylaxis in special scenarios is also necessary to protect individuals at high risk of severe diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent antibiotics for leptospirosis: Are still effective?
Heliyon
January 2025
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Leptospirosis is a recurring zoonotic disease of global significance. Leptospirosis is curable, and antibiotics are available for its treatment. However, little is known about the effectiveness of the currently used antibiotics against different species, serovars, and strains.
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