HIV-1 infection results in profound dysfunction of the CD4 T-cell population. Although highly active antiretroviral therapy allows the reconstitution of CD4 T-cell numbers, functional abnormalities remain, including inadequate responses to vaccination. IL-2 increases CD4 T-cell numbers and function. We report the effects of IL-2 given with tetanus vaccination in two patients in a larger immunotherapy study. In one case IL-2 induced sustained responses, which may have been caused by the timing of IL-2 with vaccination.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200411050-00014 | DOI Listing |
Int Immunopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. Electronic address:
Background: Circulating levels of the female hormone estrogen has been associated with the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Immune homeostasis mediated by peripheral regulatory T cells (Treg) is a crucial factor in PD. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of estrogen deficiency on neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a rodent model of PD, with particular reference to Treg.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Rheumatol Rep
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Purpose Of Review: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial tissue, where T cells play a central role in pathogenesis. Recent research has identified T peripheral helper (Tph) cells as critical mediators of local B cell activation in inflamed tissues. This review synthesizes the latest advancements in our understanding the of the role of T cells in RA, from initiation to established disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
January 2025
College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Background: HIV and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection poses a significant health challenge, particularly when involving the central nervous system (CNS), where it leads to severe morbidity and mortality. Current treatments face challenges such as drug resistance, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), and persistent inflammation. Glutathione (GSH) has the therapeutic potential to enhance treatment outcomes by improving antibiotic efficacy, reducing inflammation, and mitigating immune dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
January 2025
Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead 2145, Australia.
Anogenital inflammation is a critical risk factor for HIV acquisition. The primary preventative HIV intervention, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), is ineffective in blocking transmission in anogenital inflammation. Pre-existing sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) and anogenital microbiota dysbiosis are the leading causes of inflammation, where inflammation is extensive and often asymptomatic and undiagnosed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
: Cold-dampness diarrhea (CDD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in children, characterized by diarrhea and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Weiling decoction (WLD) is frequently used in clinical practice to treat CDD, a condition triggered by multiple factors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain poorly understood.
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