Early appearance of TNF-alpha and other cytokines in bronchus associated lymphoid tissues (BALT) from growing Wistar rats. what is the role of TNF-alpha?

Several different cytokines trigger the development of determined cell subsets in BALT of growing Wistar rats. Early appearance (4 days post partum) of gammadeltaT cells in BALT has been shown, as well as its role in up-regulating TNF-alpha production. In the present report, we studied in the BALT: (1) the profile of the cytokines, TNF-alpha, INF-alpha and IL-10 and (2) in TCR gammadelta+ cells, the existence of a colocalization with TNF-alpha as well as with INF-gamma. All the cytokines studied were observed at an early stage of BALT development by immunohistochemistry and in bronchoalveolar cells (BAL cells) by flow cytometry and western blot. (1) The principal cytokine found at 4 days of age in BALT cells was TNF-alpha that increases along BALT development. The same behavior was found for cells containing IL-10 and INF-gamma. (2) TCR gammadelta+ cells colocalize mainly with TNF-alpha as it has been shown by immunohistochemistry in BALT and by flow cytometry when we studied BAL. The early appearance of TNF-alpha concomitant with TCR gammadelta+ cell suggests an important role for this cytokine along BALT development. Moreover, mutual regulation between them exists taking part in the immune surveillance and repair of damaged epithelia.