The structure of the mouse alpha-lactalbumin-encoding mRNA was deduced from sequence analysis of eight cDNA clones. The almost full-length mRNA of 732 nucleotides [poly(A) tail excluded] and the deduced pre-protein share 85% and 86% homology with their rat counterpart, respectively. Interspecies comparison of the pre-protein showed the occurrence of an extra amino acid (aa) in the signal peptide and of two mutations affecting two reported invariant aa residues at positions 44 and 107, which weakens the assumption that both aa residues might play a significant structural and/or functional role.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1119(92)90385-3 | DOI Listing |
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Netherlands; Centro Linceo Interdisciplinare "Beniamino Segre", Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Roma, Italy. Electronic address:
Fear responses to novel stimuli can be learned directly, through personal experiences (Fear Conditioning, FC), or indirectly, by observing conspecific reactions to a stimulus (Social Fear Learning, SFL). Although substantial knowledge exists about FC and SFL in humans and other species, they are typically conceived as mechanisms that engage separate neural networks and operate at different levels of complexity. Here, we propose a broader framework that links these two fear learning modes by supporting the view that social signals may act as unconditioned stimuli during SFL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell Environ
January 2025
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major crops worldwide, however there is very limited research on the transcriptional programmes of underlying cell type specification. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to unravel the transcriptome heterogeneity of cells and the composition of cell types in broad-spectrum organisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Res Ther
January 2025
MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
Background: Fluoroethylnormemantine (FENM), a new Memantine (MEM) derivative, prevented amyloid-β[25-35] peptide (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity in mice, a pharmacological model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with high predictive value for drug discovery. Here, as drug infusion is likely to better reflect drug bioavailability due to the interspecies pharmacokinetics variation, we analyzed the efficacy of FENM after chronic subcutaneous (SC) infusion, in comparison with IP injections in two AD mouse models, Aβ-injected mice and the transgenic APP/PSEN1 (APP/PS1) line.
Methods: In Aβ-treated mice, FENM was infused at 0.
Tissue Eng Part A
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
The synovium is a loose connective tissue that separates the intra-articular (IA) joint compartments of all diarthrodial joints from the systemic circulation. It can be divided into two layers: the intima, a thin and cell-dense layer atop a more heterogeneous subintima, composed of collagen and various cell types. The subintima contains penetrating capillaries and lymphatic vessels that rapidly clear injected drugs from the joint space which may vary not only with drug size and charge but also with the microstructure and composition of the intima and subintima of the synovium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is widely used in plant biology and is a powerful tool for studying cell identity and differentiation. However, the scarcity of known cell-type marker genes and the divergence of marker expression patterns limit the accuracy of cell-type identification and our capacity to investigate cell-type conservation in many species. To tackle this challenge, we devise a novel computational strategy called Orthologous Marker Gene Groups (OMGs), which can identify cell types in both model and non-model plant species and allows for rapid comparison of cell types across many published single-cell maps.
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