AI Article Synopsis
- The study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore how blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses vary during movements triggered by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and voluntary movement (VOL).
- Eleven participants underwent multiple scans where TMS was applied to the motor cortex while their brain activity was monitored, revealing reliable BOLD response locations within 3-6 mm variance.
- Results indicated no significant differences in BOLD responses between TMS and VOL, suggesting TMS may engage similar brain pathways as natural movements, making it a valuable tool for examining cortical functions.
Article Abstract
Objective: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we assessed variation in location and intensity of blood oxygen level-dependent contrast associated with movements induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation or volition.
Background: Anatomic location and within-subject repeatability of blood oxygen level-dependent responses induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation comprise critical information to the use of interleaved transcranial magnetic stimulation/functional magnetic resonance imaging as a neuroscience tool.
Methods: Eleven healthy adults were scanned 3 times each at 1.5 T. Interleaved with functional magnetic resonance imaging, 1-Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied over motor cortex. VOL was alternated with transcranial magnetic stimulation over the scans.
Results: Intra-subject standard deviations in blood oxygen level-dependent locations ranged between 3 and 6 millimeters, allowing localization to subregions of the motor strip. Coil placement relative to blood oxygen level-dependent location varied more than blood oxygen level-dependent location (sdx = 9.5mm, sdy = 8.7 mm, sdz = 9.0mm) with consistent anterior displacement (dy = 21.8 mm, P = <0.025). Analysis of variance did not detect significant differences between transcranial magnetic stimulation and VOL blood oxygen level-dependent locations or intensities, in contrast to significant intensity differences detected in auditory blood oxygen level dependence.
Conclusion: The high repeatability of location of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced blood oxygen level-dependent activation suggests that transcranial magnetic stimulation/functional magnetic resonance imaging stimulation can be used as a precise tool in investigation of cortical mechanisms. The similarity between VOL and transcranial magnetic stimulation suggests that transcranial magnetic stimulation may act through natural brain movement circuits.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wnn.0000117864.42205.6d | DOI Listing |
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