A fraction of core-collapse supernovae of type Ib/c are associated with gamma-ray bursts, which are thought to produce highly relativistic jets. Recently, it has been hypothesized that a larger fraction of core-collapse supernovae produce slower jets, which may contribute to the disruption and ejection of the supernova envelope, and explain the unusually energetic hypernovae. We explore the TeV neutrino signatures expected from such slower jets, and calculate the expected detection rates with upcoming Gigaton Cherenkov experiments. We conclude that individual jetted supernovae may be detectable from nearby galaxies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.181101 | DOI Listing |
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
September 2019
Universitäts-Sternwarte München, 81679, Munich, Germany.
Spectroscopy of absorption lines of H in the central molecular zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy show that a previously largely unknown component of the interstellar medium there, warm (T∼200 K) and diffuse (n ≲ 10 cm) gas, makes up a large fraction of the volume of the CMZ, and that this gas is moving radially outward from the centre. These discoveries upend the generally accepted understanding that the interstellar environment of the CMZ comprises almost entirely an ultra-hot plasma and dense molecular clouds. The radial momentum associated with the diffuse gas in the CMZ exceeds that of the ejecta of thousands of core-collapse supernovae and implies some extraordinary past activity in the centre, possibly associated with the supermassive black hole, Sgr A*.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
June 2012
Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
We argue that the small fraction of neutrinos that undergo direction-changing scattering outside of the neutrinosphere could have significant influence on neutrino flavor transformation in core-collapse supernova environments. We show that the standard treatment for collective neutrino flavor transformation is adequate at late times but could be inadequate in early epochs of core-collapse supernovae, where the potentials that govern neutrino flavor evolution are affected by the scattered neutrinos. Taking account of this effect, and the way it couples to entropy and composition, will require a new approach in neutrino flavor transformation modeling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
January 2010
Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE), Postbus 2, 7990AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.
The class of type Ic supernovae have drawn increasing attention since 1998 owing to their sparse association (only four so far) with long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Although both phenomena originate from the core collapse of a massive star, supernovae emit mostly at optical wavelengths, whereas GRBs emit mostly in soft gamma-rays or hard X-rays. Though the GRB central engine generates ultra-relativistic jets, which beam the early emission into a narrow cone, no relativistic outflows have hitherto been found in type Ib/c supernovae explosions, despite theoretical expectations and searches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
June 2009
Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK.
The final fate of massive stars depends on many factors. Theory suggests that some with initial masses greater than 25 to 30 solar masses end up as Wolf-Rayet stars, which are deficient in hydrogen in their outer layers because of mass loss through strong stellar winds. The most massive of these stars have cores which may form a black hole and theory predicts that the resulting explosion of some of them produces ejecta of low kinetic energy, a faint optical luminosity and a small mass fraction of radioactive nickel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
January 2006
Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Gamma-rays from radioactive 26Al (half-life approximately 7.2 x 10(5) years) provide a 'snapshot' view of continuing nucleosynthesis in the Galaxy. The Galaxy is relatively transparent to such gamma-rays, and emission has been found concentrated along its plane.
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