Peritonitis is still one of the major complications ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The initial empiric therapy for peritonitis should be effective against most grampositive organisms as well as gramnegative organisms. Intraperitoneal administration antibiotics has the advantage of a high concentration of the antibiotics at the site of infection. The treatment should provide broad coverage of all organisms, without side-effects or risk for the patient and should not provoke the emergence of resistant germs. The present guidelines of the ad hoc advisory committee are of great value in this regard. The ISPD guidelines for treatment of peritonitis recommended an empirical therapy based on the association of a first-generation cephalosporin with an aminoglycoside or ceftazidime.
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