Effect of lidocaine on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs.

Vet Anaesth Analg

Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.

Published: October 2004

Objective: To determine the influence of a low-dose constant rate infusion (LCRI; 50 microg kg(-1) minute(-1)) and high-dose CRI (HCRI; 200 microg kg(-1) minute(-1)) lidocaine infusion on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane (I) in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective experimental study.

Animals: Ten mongrel dogs (four females, six males), weighing 20-26.3 kg.

Methods: Dogs were anesthetized with I in oxygen and their lungs mechanically ventilated. Baseline MAC was determined using mechanical or electrical stimuli. Lidocaine (2 mg kg(-1) IV) was administered over 3 minutes, followed by the LCRI and MAC determination commenced 30 minutes later. Once MAC was determined following LCRI, the lidocaine infusion was stopped for 30 minutes. A second bolus of lidocaine (2 mg kg(-1), IV) was administered, followed by the HCRI and MAC re-determined. Concentrations of lidocaine and its metabolites were measured at end-tidal I concentrations immediately above and below MAC. Heart rates and blood pressures were measured.

Results: Minimum alveolar concentration of I was 1.34 +/- 0.11 (%; mean +/- SD) for both types of stimulus. The LCRI significantly reduced MAC to 1.09 +/- 0.13 (18.7% reduction) and HCRI to 0.76 +/- 0.10 (43.3% reduction). Plasma concentrations (ng mL(-1), median; value below and above MAC, respectively) for LCRI were: lidocaine, 1465 and 1537; glycinexylidide (GX), 111 and 181; monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX), 180 and 471 and for HCRI were: lidocaine, 4350 and 4691; GX, 784 and 862; MEGX, 714 and 710. Blood pressure was significantly increased at 30 minutes after high dose infusion.

Conclusion And Clinical Relevance: Lidocaine infusions reduced the MAC of I in a dose-dependent manner and did not induce clinically significant changes on heart rate or blood pressure.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2004.00165.xDOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

minimum alveolar
12
alveolar concentration
12
lidocaine
9
mac
9
microg kg-1
8
kg-1 minute-1
8
lidocaine infusion
8
mac determined
8
lidocaine kg-1
8
kg-1 administered
8

Similar Publications

Background: To minimize the risk of impaired osseointegration historically, it has been recommended to insert the implant into the bone (submerged implants) and to allow for submerged healing of 3-6 months in the lower and upper jaw, this conventional technique is advocated. The concept of nonsubmerged healing was introduced in 1988 in which gingival former was placed at the time of implant placement instead of cover screw. The treatment concept of nonsubmerged implant placement enables early implant loading, one surgical procedure only, and a reduced treatment period for the patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction And Aims: Implantation of the posterior maxilla with insufficient bone height faces challenges. Studies have shown that the use of ultrashort implants can avoid additional damage. This finite element analysis study aimed to evaluate the impacts of different lengths of ultrashort implants and three surgical approaches on stress, strain, and displacement in the posterior maxilla with varying bone heights.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To determine the effect of the administration of oral gabapentin (20 mg/kg) and trazodone (8 mg/kg) on the MAC of isoflurane in dogs.

Methods: 6 adult dogs (3 castrated males and 3 spayed females), aged 13.3 ± 1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Alveolar bone healing is influenced by various local and systemic factors, including the local inflammatory response. This study aimed to evaluate the role of inflammatory responsiveness in alveolar bone healing using 8-week-old male and female mice (N = 5/time/group) strains selected for maximum (AIRmax) or minimum (AIRmin) acute inflammatory response carrying distinct homozygous RR/SS genotypes, namely AIRminRR, AIRminSS, AIRmaxRR, and AIRmaxSS mice. After upper right incisor extraction, bone healing was analyzed at 0, 3, 7, and 14 days using micro-computed tomography, histomorphometry, birefringence, immunohistochemistry, and PCRArray analysis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background Chronic periodontitis is primarily caused by various bacterial species present in the plaque biofilm, which trigger a host inflammatory response. This leads to the abnormal release of inflammatory mediators such as proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α), which are free radicals that cause alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. ​​​ (bitter gourd) is a widely used medicinal plant for the treatment of numerous diseases such as skin infections, diabetes, metabolic disorders, and carcinomas for several decades.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!