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"Form follows function": the developmental morphology of the cardiac atria.
Physiol Res
December 2024
Children's Heart Center, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Praha, Czech Republic.
Although the heart atria have a lesser functional importance than the ventricles, atria play an important role in the pathophysiology of heart failure and supraventricular arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation. In addition, knowledge of atrial morphology recently became more relevant as cardiac electrophysiology and interventional procedures in the atria gained an increasingly significant role in the clinical management of patients with heart disease. The atrial chambers are thin-walled, and several vessels enter at the level of the atria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUtilizing Quantitative Analysis of CSF Volume from Clinical T1-Weighted MRI to Predict Thrombectomy Outcomes.
J Neuroimaging
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Background And Purpose: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the standard for acute ischemic stroke from large vessel occlusion, but post-EVT functional independence varies. Brain atrophy, linked to higher cerebrospinal fluid volume (CSFV), may affect outcomes. Baseline CSFV could predict EVT benefit by assessing brain health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeneration of a PDK-1 knockout human embryonic stem cell line by CRISPR/(WAe009-A-2K) Cas9 editing.
Stem Cell Res
December 2024
Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China. Electronic address:
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase1 (PDK1) belongs to the family of kinases, regulates diverse metabolic processes. PDK1 is a susceptibility locus for heart failure via thinning of ventricle walls, and enlarged atria and ventricles. We successfully developed a PDK1 knockout (PDK1/) human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line using an episomal vector-based CRISPR/Cas9 system explore the role of PDK in human heart development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCould Pulsed Wave Tissue Doppler Imaging Solve the Diagnostic Dilemma of Right Atrial Masses and Pseudomasses? A Case Series and Literature Review.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Even if rarely detected, right atrial (RA) masses represent a diagnostic challenge due to their heterogeneous presentation. Para-physiological RA structures, such as a prominent Eustachian valve, Chiari's network, and lipomatous atrial hypertrophy, may easily be misinterpreted as pathological RA masses, including thrombi, myxomas, and vegetations. Each pathological mass should always be correlated with adequate clinical, anamnestic, and laboratory data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtrial Fibrosis in Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanistic Insights, Diagnostic Challenges, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Second Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Atrial fibrosis is a hallmark of atrial cardiomyopathy and plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF), contributing to its onset and progression. The mechanisms underlying atrial fibrosis are multifaceted, involving stretch-induced fibroblast activation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and coagulation pathways. Variations in fibrosis types-reactive and replacement fibrosis-are influenced by patient-specific factors such as age, sex, and comorbidities, complicating therapeutic approaches.
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