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Damaging effect of the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida ssp. salmonicida on intestinal enterocytes of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • * In the gastrointestinal tract, bacteria can cross the lining through undamaged tissue or by damaging it with toxins or enzymes.
  • * An in vitro study on Atlantic salmon showed that the pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida causes significant damage to the foregut's intestinal cells, suggesting this area is a key entry point for infections.

Article Abstract

In fish, bacterial pathogens can enter the host by one or more of three different routes: (a) skin, (b) gills and (c) gastrointestinal tract. Bacteria can cross the gastrointestinal lining in three different ways. In undamaged tissue, bacteria can translocate by transcellular or paracellular routes. Alternatively, bacteria can damage the intestinal lining with extracellular enzymes or toxins before entering. Using an in vitro (Ussing chamber) model, this paper describes intestinal cell damage in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) caused by the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida ssp. salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis. The in vitro method clearly demonstrated substantial detachment of enterocytes from anterior region of the intestine (foregut) upon exposure to the pathogen. In the hindgut (posterior part of the intestine), little detachment was observed but cellular damage involved microvilli, desmosomes and tight junctions. Based on these findings, we suggest that A. salmonicida may obtain entry to the fish by seriously damaging the intestinal lining. Translocation of bacteria through the foregut (rather than the hindgut) is a more likely infection route for A. salmonicida infections in Atlantic salmon.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00441-004-0934-2DOI Listing

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