Purpose: Few data exist on the actual recurrence rates of thrombosed external hemorrhoids. We wished to determine the incidence of recurrence, intervals to recurrence, and factors predicting recurrence of thrombosed external hemorrhoids after conservative or surgical management.
Methods: Two hundred and thirty-one consecutive patients with thrombosed external hemorrhoids treated from 1990 to 2002 were identified. Recurrence was defined as complete resolution of the index lesion with subsequent return of a thrombosed external hemorrhoid and did not include patients with chronic symptoms. Data were gathered retrospectively. Multiple potential risk factors were reviewed.
Results: The index thrombosed external hemorrhoid was managed conservatively in 51.5 percent of cases and surgically in 48.5 percent. There were no differences between groups in gender, age, or race, and 44.5 percent of all patients had a prior history of thrombosed external hemorrhoid. A prior history was less common in the conservative group than in the surgical group (38.1 percent vs. 51.3 percent; P < 0.05). The frequency of pain or bleeding as the primary complaint was higher in the surgical group ( P < 0.001 and P < 0.002). In addition, the surgical group was more likely to report all three symptoms of pain, bleeding, and a lump ( P < 0.005). Mean follow-up was 7.6 months, with the range extending to 7 years. Time to symptom resolution averaged 24 days in the conservative group vs. 3.9 days in the surgical group ( P < 0.0001). The overall incidence to recurrence was 15.6 percent-80.6 percent in the conservative group vs. 19.4 percent in the surgical group. The rate of recurrence in the conservative group was 25.4 percent (4/29; 14 percent were excised) whereas only 6.3 percent of the surgical patients had recurrence ( P < 0.0001). Mean time to recurrence was 7.1 months in the conservative group vs. 25 months in the surgical group ( P < 0.0001). Survival analysis for time to recurrence of thrombosed external hemorrhoid indicated that time to recurrence was significantly longer for the surgical group ( P < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis of multiple factors (including diverticular disease, constipation, straining, benign prostatic hypertrophy, diarrhea, skin tags, history of travel, anoreceptive sex, anal fissures, internal hemorrhoids, and obesity) was performed to determine the outcome of each group. None of these variables were significant predictors of recurrence.
Conclusions: Patients whose initial presentation was pain or bleeding with or without a lump were more like to be treated surgically. Surgically treated patients had a lower frequency of recurrence and a longer time interval to recurrence than conservatively treated patients. None of the variables analyzed were significant predictors of a particular treatment, except for a prior history of thrombosed external hemorrhoids, which may represent patient choice. Although most patients treated conservatively will experience resolution of their symptoms, excision of thrombosed external hemorrhoids results in more rapid symptom resolution, lower incidence of recurrence, and longer remission intervals.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10350-004-0607-y | DOI Listing |
Res Pract Thromb Haemost
November 2024
Internal Medicine Clinic, Østfold Hospital Trust, Sarpsborg, Norway.
Background: Wells score comprises subjective elements, making physicians reluctant to use Wells score or cause them to use it incorrectly.
Objectives: To develop and internally validate a prediction score that is objective and simple for evaluating suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT), with a safety comparable with that of Wells score.
Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis using data from the Ri-Schedule study (NCT02486445) involving suspected DVT patients at Østfold Hospital's Emergency Department, Norway (2015-2018).
BMC Surg
December 2024
Department of General Surgery, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, P.R. China.
Background: To explore the correlation between the levels of D-dimer (D-D), fibrinogen (FIB), fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and platelets (PLT) in peripheral blood of patients with lower limb fractures and the formation of deep vein thrombosis in lower limbs, and to establish a new thrombosis prediction model for patients with lower limb fractures.
Methods: The patients were divided into DVT group and non DVT group according to whether there was deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity. The differences in the levels of D-D, FIB, FDP and platelets between the two groups were analyzed and compared.
Gastroenterology
December 2024
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Endeavor Health, Chicago, Illinois.
Description: Portal vein thromboses (PVTs) are common in patients with cirrhosis and are associated with advanced portal hypertension and mortality. The treatment of PVTs remains a clinical challenge due to limited evidence and competing risks of PVT-associated complications vs bleeding risk of anticoagulation. Significant heterogeneity in PVT phenotype based on anatomic, host, and disease characteristics, and an emerging spectrum of therapeutic options further complicate PVT management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cardiothorac Surg
December 2024
Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, L1 Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, QLD, 4032, Australia.
Background: Bypass graft surgery is a key surgical intervention for ischemic heart disease (coronary bypass graft surgery) and critical limb ischemia (peripheral bypass graft surgery). Graft occlusion remains a significant clinical problem for both types. Further research into the pathobiological mechanisms of graft occlusion are needed in order to design targeted therapeutic strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Surg
December 2024
Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR, China.
Background: Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) is a common complication after orthopedic surgery. Currently, a reliable assessment tool is lacking to evaluate the risk of postoperative LEDVT in patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery. This study aims to explore the risk factors for LEDVT formation after lumbar fusion surgery and establish a predictive model for it.
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