Serum sodium concentration plays a major role in the body's volume status. Low serum sodium levels can be dangerous and even fatal if hyponatremia is severe. The key to understanding hyponatremia is relating it to volume status. Hyponatremia is frequently associated with hypovolemia or fluid overload. Sharp assessment skills and client teaching can prove invaluable in the prevention and treatment of hyponatremia.
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Stem Cells Cloning
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia.
Objective: Chronic wounds are a common clinical problem that necessitate the exploration of novel regenerative therapies. We report a method to investigate the in vitro wound healing capacity of an innovative biomaterial, which is based on amniotic membrane-derived stem cells (AMSCs) embedded in an alginate hydrogel matrix. The aim of this study was to prepare an sodium alginate-based hydrogel, cross-linked calcium chloride (CaCl with the active ingredient AMSC (AMSC/Alg-H) and to evaluate its in vitro effectiveness for wound closure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Rev
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Currently, limited evidence exists on the impact of serum sodium variability in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) who underwent surgical clipping. We aimed to perform a detailed examination of the relationship between sodium variability and mortality in these patients. We conducted a cohort study including adult patients with aneurysmal SAH who underwent surgical clipping at a university hospital.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, is widely used for treating heart failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD). While its renoprotective effects are well established, concerns remain regarding its impact on muscle mass and function, especially in elderly patients.
Objective: To assess the effects of dapagliflozin on renal function, body composition, and muscle strength in elderly CKD patients.
BMC Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Haiyan People's Hospital, Jiaxing City, 314300, Zhejiang Province, China.
Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT-2) inhibitors are a newer class of antidiabetic drugs with the increased risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis(EuDKA). Encephalopathy is a rare but life-threatening event of EuDKA. Due to paradoxically normal or slightly elevated serum glucose levels, it's easy to be mimicked by cerebral infarction, structural brain damage, thus leading to delayed diagnosis and causing seriously irreversible brain injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Chem Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey.
Although lithium (LIT) therapy is key in managing bipolar disorder long-term, prolonged use significantly contributes to acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI). This study examined whether combining Silymarin (SIL) with Vitamin C (Vit C) enhances protection against lithium-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, comparing their individual antioxidant effects as well. Rats subjected to Li exposure were provided with a standard commercial diet supplemented with 80 mmol LiCl per kilogram for 28 days.
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