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Efficacy and safety of the glucagon receptor antagonist volagidemab in type-1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ann N Y Acad Sci
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
Article Synopsis
- The glucagon receptor antagonist volagidemab is a novel monoclonal antibody that helps manage type-1 diabetes (T1D) by lowering insulin needs and reducing risks like diabetic ketoacidosis.
- A systematic review of three randomized controlled trials (98 patients) found that volagidemab significantly decreased the total daily dose of insulin and average blood glucose levels compared to a placebo.
- Additionally, while it increased the time patients spent within the target blood glucose range, there was no significant change in the occurrence of adverse events or hypoglycemia when compared to the placebo group.
Background: Glucose levels are vital for indicating the body's sugar content, with imbalances leading to diseases like diabetes or hypoglycemia-related symptoms such as palpitations and fatigue.
Methods: This case series describes three cases of hypoglycemia identified in recent years, utilizing multiple glucose measurement methods and exploring strategies to eliminate interferences.
Results: Two cases of pseudo-hypoglycemia induced by PEGylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) and Evolocumab injections, and one case of true reactive hypoglycemia following a glucose tolerance test in a patient post-gastric bypass surgery.
Monoclonal Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome Successfully Treated With Plasma Cell Directed Therapy.
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk
October 2024
Department of Haematology, Oslo Myeloma Center, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address:
Background: Monoclonal insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a very rare disease characterized by severe attacks of hypoglycemia caused by circulating anti-insulin antibodies produced by a B-cell clone, usually clonal plasma cells.
Method: We present 2 female Norwegian patients with monoclonal IAS. The anti-insulin antibodies were quantified by immune precipitation and characterized using a 3-step manual in-house assay.
Long-term TNF-alpha therapy for preserving beta cell function in new onset type 1 diabetes: a case report.
Clin Diabetes Endocrinol
September 2024
Department of Diabetes, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by destruction of pancreatic islet beta-cells. There is significant residual beta-cell function, measured through circulating C-peptide, present at the time of T1D diagnosis but this subsequently decreases with time. Higher residual beta-cell function at diagnosis associates with better glycaemic control and less glucose variability, and later in the disease course with less hypoglycaemia, lower glucose variability and fewer microvascular complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParaneoplastic hypoglycemia: An overview for optimal clinical guidance.
Metabol Open
September 2024
Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece.
Paraneoplastic hypoglycemia, also known as non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH), is a rare but critical condition occurring in patients with different types of malignancy. This condition is commonly linked to tumors producing insulin-like growth (IGF) factors, particularly IGF-2 and its precursors, which disrupt glucose homeostasis and lead to excessive glucose consumption. The diagnosis typically involves documenting symptomatic hypoglycemia and ruling out other potential causes.
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