The half-life of leu-enkephalin in the serum of infants aged under 1 year is significantly shorter than in adults. In girls leu-enkephalin half-life is significantly longer than in boys. The half-life of leu-enkephalin is different in infants on breast and formula feeding. Nine characteristics of temperament in infants of the first year of life were determined using EITQ and ITQ questionnaires. Serum leu-enkephalin half-life directly correlated with temperament characteristics (activity, perception, threshold), but not with the level psychomotor development.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:bebm.0000035124.19324.19 | DOI Listing |
Pharmaceutics
June 2021
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Opioids account for 69,000 overdose deaths per annum worldwide and cause serious side effects. Safer analgesics are urgently needed. The endogenous opioid peptide Leu-Enkephalin (Leu-ENK) is ineffective when introduced peripherally due to poor stability and limited membrane permeability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Soc Mass Spectrom
July 2020
Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States.
Hydroxyl radical footprinting-mass spectrometry (HRF-MS) is a powerful technique for measuring protein structure by quantitating the solvent accessibility of amino acid side-chains; and when used in comparative analysis, HRF-MS data can provide detailed information on changes in protein structure. However, consistently controlling the amount of hydroxyl radical labeling of a protein requires the precise understanding of both the amount of radicals generated and half-life of the radicals in solution. The latter is particularly important for applications such as protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions, which may have different characteristics such as intrinsic reactivity and buffer components, and can cause differences in radical scavenging (herein termed "scavenging potential") between samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Chem Neurosci
March 2019
Département de Psychiatrie, Centre de Recherche du CHU Ste-Justine , Université de Montréal, Montréal , Québec H3T 1J4 , Canada.
Leu-enkephalin and d-Ala-Leu-enkephalin were modified at their N- and C-termini with guanidyl and tetrazole groups. The resulting molecules were prepared in solution or by solid phase peptide synthesis. The affinity of the different analogues at mu (MOP) and delta opioid receptors (DOP) was then assessed by competitive binding in stably transfected DOP and MOP HEK293 cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacol Rep
February 2019
Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland; Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Science, Warszawa, Poland. Electronic address:
Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic and recurrent gastrointestinal disorders that are difficult to control. Recently, a new IBD therapy based on the targeting of the endogenous opioid system has been proposed. Consequently, due to the fact that endogenous enkephalins have an anti-inflammatory effect, we aimed at investigating the degradation of serum enkephalin (Met- and Leu-enkephalin) in patients with IBD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Control Release
January 2015
UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; Nanomerics Ltd., 14 Approach Road, St. Albans, Hertfordshire AL1 1SR, UK. Electronic address:
The clinical development of neuropeptides has been limited by a combination of the short plasma half-life of these drugs and their ultimate failure to permeate the blood brain barrier. Peptide nanofibres have been used to deliver peptides across the blood brain barrier and in this work we demonstrate that the polymer coating of peptide nanofibres further enhances peptide delivery to the brain via the intravenous route. Leucine(5)-enkephalin (LENK) nanofibres formed from the LENK ester prodrug - tyrosinyl(1)palmitate-leucine(5)-enkephalin (TPLENK) were coated with the polymer - N-palmitoyl-N-monomethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N,N,N-trimethyl-6-O-glycolchitosan (GCPQ) and injected intravenously.
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