Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from serial sections allows identification of objects of interest in 3D and clarifies the relationship among these objects. 3D_Viewer, developed in our laboratory for this purpose, has four major functions: image alignment, movie frame production, movie viewing, and shift-overlay image generation. Color images captured from serial sections were aligned; then the contours of objects of interest were highlighted in a semi-automatic manner. These 2D images were then automatically stacked at different viewing angles, and their composite images on a projected plane were recorded by an image transform-shift-overlay technique. These composition images are used in the object-rotation movie show. The design considerations of the program and the procedures used for 3D reconstruction from serial sections are described. This program, with a digital image-capture system, a semi-automatic contours highlight method, and an automatic image transform-shift-overlay technique, greatly speeds up the reconstruction process. Since images generated by 3D_Viewer are in a general graphic format, data sharing with others is easy. 3D_Viewer is written in MS Visual Basic 6, obtainable from our laboratory on request.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2004.04.002 | DOI Listing |
Front Neuroanat
January 2025
Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
The inferior colliculus (IC) is an important midbrain station of the auditory pathway, as well as an important hub of multisensory integration. The adult mammalian IC can be subdivided into three nuclei, with distinct cyto- and myeloarchitectonical profiles and distinct calcium binding proteins expression patterns. Despite several studies about its structural and functional development, the knowledge about the human fetal IC is rather limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Urogynecol J
January 2025
Department of Clinical Anatomy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
Introduction And Hypothesis: The urethra is surrounded by layers of smooth muscle, including inner longitudinal and outer circler muscles, as well as the skeletal muscle of the external urethral sphincter. However, the extent of these muscles and their relationship with the levator ani (LA) remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the composition of muscle layers around the female urethra and their three-dimensional arrangements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLight Sci Appl
January 2025
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
A major challenge in neuroscience is visualizing the structure of the human brain at different scales. Traditional histology reveals micro- and meso-scale brain features but suffers from staining variability, tissue damage, and distortion, which impedes accurate 3D reconstructions. The emerging label-free serial sectioning optical coherence tomography (S-OCT) technique offers uniform 3D imaging capability across samples but has poor histological interpretability despite its sensitivity to cortical features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsia
January 2025
Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
We propose and prioritize important outcome domains that should be considered for future research investigating long-term outcomes (LTO) after new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE). The study was led by the international NORSE Institute LTO Working Group. First, literature describing the LTO of NORSE survivors was identified using a PubMed search and summarized to identify knowledge gaps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anat
January 2025
Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
The anatomical innovation of sound-producing organs, which gives rise to a wide variety of sound signals, is one of the most fundamental factors leading to the explosive speciation of modern birds. Despite being a key clue to resolving the homology of sound-controlling muscles among birds, only few studies have explored the embryonic development of syringeal muscles. Using serial histological sections and immunohistochemistry, we described the three-dimensional anatomy and development of the cartilage, muscle, and innervation pattern of the tracheobronchi in three avian species: domestic fowls, cockatiels, and zebra finches.
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