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The distribution of heterophilic antigens and their relationship with autoimmune diseases.

Front Immunol

December 2023

Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

Introduction: Microbial infections are associated with the occurrence of autoimmune diseases, but the mechanisms of microbial infection inducing autoimmune diseases are not fully understood. The existence of heterophilic antigens between microorganisms and human tissues may explain part of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here, we investigate the distribution of heterophilic antigens and its relationship with autoimmune diseases.

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Heterophile carbohydrate antigen N-glycolylneuraminic acid as a potential biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

Background And Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high recurrence rate even after radical hepatectomy. More optimal biomarkers may help improve recurrence and prognosis.

Methods: We investigated whether the oncological properties of N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) can participate in the prognosis of HCC.

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Carbohydrate-specific antibodies are significant mediators of xenograft rejection. This study analyzed the carbohydrate specificity of antibodies in baboons before and after xenotransplantation of organs or injection of porcine red blood cells from hDAF transgenic pigs, using a glycan array with structurally defined glycans. Antibodies against hyaluronic acid disaccharide (HA2) showed the highest reactivity at baseline and rose after xenogeneic exposure.

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A Heterologous Challenge Rescues the Attenuated Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 Variant in Syrian Hamster Model.

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State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant is becoming a dominant circulator and has several mutations in the spike glycoprotein, which may cause shifts of immunogenicity, so as to result in immune escape and breakthrough infection among the already infected or vaccinated populations. It is unclear whether infection with Omicron could generate adequate cross-variant protection. To investigate this possibility, we used Syrian hamsters as an animal model for infection of SARS-CoV-2.

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1. This experiment investigated the efficacy of varying doses of an emulsifier blend (EB; 0 and 1 g/kg of diet), betaine (BT; 0 and 1 g/kg of diet) and L-carnitine (CT; 0 and 0.5 g/kg of diet) in broilers subjected to circular heat stress (HS) conditions.

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