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DNA Methylation Associates With Sex-Specific Effects of Experimentally Increased Yolk Testosterone in Wild Nestlings.
Mol Ecol
January 2025
Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Maternal hormones, particularly androgens like testosterone, can significantly influence the physiological and behavioral traits of offspring, affecting them differently based on their sex.
- A study involving wild great tit eggs demonstrated that increasing yolk testosterone reduced begging behavior and altered fledging mass while also leading to sex-specific changes in DNA methylation at 763 specific sites linked to growth and reproduction.
- These findings imply that maternal testosterone influences offspring traits through changes in DNA methylation, highlighting the need for further research to determine if these effects persist beyond the early life stage and influence overall fitness.
Modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among street working reproductive age women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PLoS One
December 2024
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Background: Street women are women, who make their living on the streets by begging, sleeping in the streets, or on the sides of roads. They are the most marginalized and neglected segment of society, with little access to health care, including modern contraception, and a lack of knowledge about health services, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to examine modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among street women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDay Late, Dollar Short: Runts of Asynchronously Hatched Songbird Broods Have Reduced Survival, Body Size, and Persistent Energy Deficits.
J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol
December 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Many songbirds begin active incubation after laying their penultimate egg, resulting in synchronous hatching of the clutch except for a last-hatched individual ("runt") that hatches with a size deficit and competitive disadvantage to siblings when begging for food. However, climate change may elevate temperatures and cause environmental incubation as eggs are laid, resulting in asynchronous hatching and larger size hierarchies among siblings. Although previous work demonstrated that asynchronous hatching reduces nestling growth and survival relative to synchrony, the physiological mechanisms underlying these effects are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehavioural context of call production in humpback whale calves: identification of potential begging calls in a mysticetes species.
Proc Biol Sci
December 2024
Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Saclay, France.
Baleen whale calves vocalize, but the behavioural context and role of their social calls in mother-calf interactions are yet to be documented further. We investigated the context of call production in humpback whale () calves using camera-equipped animal-borne multi-sensor tags. Behavioural states, including suckling sessions, were identified using accelerometer, depth and video data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerformance of artificial neural network compared to multi-linear regression in prediction of countermovement jump height.
J Bodyw Mov Ther
October 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, 53318-17634, Iran.
Previous research has used primarily linear regression models to predict jump height and establish contributors of performance. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of artificial neural network (ANN) and multi-linear regression (MLR) in prediction of countermovement jump (CMJ) height and investigating the contribution of kinematic variables to CMJ performance. Thirty-four healthy young male athletes performed a total of 204 CMJ while eight kinematic variables (the hip, knee, and ankle angles at the begging of the concentric phase of CMJ, the hip and knee take-off angles, and the shoulder, hip, and knee maximum angular velocities) were used as inputs to ANN and MLR to predict CMJ height.
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