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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.4649.319 | DOI Listing |
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Childhood trauma and subclinical PTSD symptoms predict adverse effects and worse outcomes across two mindfulness-based programs for active depression.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America.
Within mindfulness-based programs (MBPs), mixed results have been found for the role of childhood trauma as a moderator of depression outcomes. Furthermore, childhood trauma and PTSD symptoms have been identified as possible risk factors for the occurrence of meditation-related adverse effects (MRAE). The present research examined multiple forms of childhood trauma and PTSD symptoms as predictors of depression treatment outcomes and MRAEs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJudges versus artificial intelligence in juror decision-making in criminal trials: Evidence from two pre-registered experiments.
PLoS One
January 2025
Center for International Education and Exchange, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is anticipated to play a significant role in criminal trials involving citizen jurors. Prior studies have suggested that AI is not widely preferred in ethical decision-making contexts, but little research has compared jurors' reliance on judgments by human judges versus AI in such settings.
Objectives: This study examined whether jurors are more likely to defer to judgments by human judges or AI, especially in cases involving mitigating circumstances in which human-like reasoning may be valued.
Examining the mediating role of motivation in the relationships between teacher-created motivational climates and quality of engagement in secondary school physical education.
PLoS One
January 2025
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Grounded in Duda's integrated model of the motivational climate, the current study examined the hypothesized mediating role of motivation quality in the relationships between empowering and disempowering teacher-created motivational climates and indicators of quality engagement in secondary school physical education (PE). The hypothesised model was tested cross-sectionally and longitudinally in two separate samples of students. Data were collected via questionnaires measuring the motivational climate, autonomous and controlled motivation and indicators of engagement (enjoyment, concentration and boredom).
View Article and Find Full Text PDF'Would you take a drug for this?': attitudes by individuals with traumatic brain injury towards medication to improve social functioning.
Brain Impair
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
Background Many people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) report problems with social functioning that can have immediate and enduring impacts. We aimed to explore perceptions of social functioning after TBI and understand attitudes towards medication that could improve long-term social outcomes. Method A qualitative descriptive approach using interview methods was conducted in Victoria, Australia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFABCA4 Deep Intronic Variants Contributed to Nearly Half of Unsolved Stargardt Cases With a Milder Phenotype.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution and natural progression of ABCA4 deep intronic variants (DIVs) among a Chinese Stargardt disease (STGD) cohort.
Methods: For unsolved STGD probands, DIVs in ABCA4 were detected by next-generation sequencing, and splicing effects were evaluated by in silico tools and validated through minigene experiments. Comprehensive ocular examinations, especially fundus changes, were carried out and analyzed.
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