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National trends in pesticides in drinking water and water sources in Japan.
Sci Total Environ
November 2020
Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako, Saitama 351-0197, Japan.
Although agricultural activities-especially paddy rice cultivation-are prominent in watersheds in Asian countries, few comprehensive studies have examined pesticide concentrations in water in these areas. Here, we report the concentrations of 162 pesticides in treated drinking water and source water (14,076 samples) in Japan, where rice cultivation is common, along with trends in sales of herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides from 1963 to 2016. Herbicides and fungicides-especially those used in rice farming were frequently detected in drinking water sources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExposure risk assessment and evaluation of the best management practice for controlling pesticide runoff from paddy fields. Part 1: Paddy watershed monitoring.
Pest Manag Sci
December 2006
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Rice pesticide concentrations in surface water along with hydrological balance and water management conditions were investigated in a paddy watershed of about 100 ha at the Sakura river basin in Tsukuba, Japan, for 3 years from April 2002. Monitoring on different hydrological scales ranging from a paddy plot up to a watershed determined the importance of water management associated with rainfall events and the cyclic irrigation for reducing pesticide discharge into aquatic environments. Surface drainage significantly increased as a response to rainfall events greater than about 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaccase-mediated oxidative degradation of the herbicide dymron.
Biotechnol Prog
June 2006
Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
The present study reports the successful and effective degradation of the persistent herbicide dymron catalyzed by the oxidative enzyme laccase in the presence of a reaction mediator (a laccase/mediator system). Using 2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) as the mediator, over 90% of dymron was degraded within 24 h, while the half-life of dymron is 50 days in soil. The results suggested that oxidation of dymron resulted in the production of decomposed compounds with a single aromatic ring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDymron herbicide residues in paddy soil and channel water.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol
August 2004
Japan Institute of Rural Medicine, 2241, Usuda, Usuda, Nagano, 384-0301, Japan.
Involvement of cytochrome P-450 enzyme activity in the selectivity and safening action of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl.
Pest Manag Sci
March 2001
Upland Weed Laboratory, Department of Farmland Utilization, National Agriculture Research Center, 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, 305-8666 Japan.
To investigate the selectivity and safening action of the sulfonylurea herbicide pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (PSE), pyrazosulfuron-ethyl O-demethylase (PSEOD) activity involving oxidative metabolism by cytochrome P-450 was studied in rice (Oryza sativa L cv Nipponbare) and Cyperus serotinus Rottb. Cytochrome P-450-dependent activity was demonstrated by the use of the inducers 1,8-naphthalic anhydride and ethanol, the herbicides PSE, bensulfuron-methyl, dimepiperate and dymron, or the inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Growth inhibition in C serotinus seedlings was more severe than that in rice seedlings.
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