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Prevalence and attributable health burdens of vector-borne parasitic infectious diseases of poverty, 1990-2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Infect Dis Poverty
December 2024
School of Global Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Background: Vector-borne parasitic infectious diseases associated with poverty (referred to as vb-pIDP), such as malaria, leishmaniasis, lymphatic filariasis, African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, and onchocerciasis, are highly prevalent in many regions around the world. This study aims to characterize the recent burdens of and changes in these vb-pIDP globally and provide a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of geographical and temporal trends.
Methods: Data on the prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of the vb-pIDP were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 for 21 geographical regions and 204 countries worldwide, from 1990-2021.
Approaching onchocerciasis elimination in Equatorial Guinea: Near zero transmission and public health implication.
Infect Dis Poverty
November 2024
National Centre for Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII in Spanish), Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- Onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis (LF) are diseases prevalent in Equatorial Guinea, with efforts historically focused on Bioko Island, which has successfully interrupted onchocerciasis transmission, prompting a need to assess mainland regions where transmission status is unclear.
- The study, conducted from September to December 2019, employed various diagnostic methods on a sample of 3,951 individuals to estimate the prevalence of these diseases on the mainland, marking the first cross-sectional analysis for this area.
- Results showed a very low onchocerciasis seroprevalence of 0.3%, and while no O. volvulus microfilariae were found in biopsies, DNA evidence confirmed its presence in one
Evaluation of a novel biplex rapid diagnostic test for antibody responses to Loa loa and Onchocerca volvulus infections.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
October 2024
UMI 233 TransVIHMI, Université Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier, France.
Article Synopsis
- Loiasis, caused by the Loa loa worm and affecting around 10 million people in Central Africa, presents challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to potential severe reactions to ivermectin used for other infections.
- Diagnosis typically involves identifying adult worms or microfilariae in blood, but many infections are "occult," prompting the need for new diagnostic tools.
- This study compared two serological rapid antibody tests for loiasis and onchocerciasis, evaluating their effectiveness in diagnosing infections among participants, revealing a high prevalence of both microfilaremia and symptoms related to loiasis.
Attitudes and perceptions towards epilepsy in an onchocerciasis-endemic region of Tanzania: a mixed approach to determine the magnitude and driving factors.
BMC Public Health
September 2024
National Institute for Medical Research, Tanga Research Centre, Tanga, Tanzania.
Article Synopsis
- Epilepsy is a major public health issue in Tanzania, particularly in Mahenge, where stigma and misconceptions significantly impact the lives of affected individuals.
- A study involving 778 participants revealed that while most were aware of epilepsy, their knowledge was low, leading to negative attitudes and misconceptions about the disorder's causes, such as witchcraft and hereditary factors.
- Stigma towards individuals with epilepsy was prevalent, resulting in social isolation and barriers to education, with traditional healers often being the first point of treatment despite the lack of understanding of the condition.
Persistent transmission of soil-transmitted helminths despite 16 years of uninterrupted Mebendazole- and ivermectin-based preventive chemotherapy in the Lomie Health District (East Region, Cameroon): The emergency of complementary control strategies.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
September 2024
Higher Institute of Scientific and Medical Research (ISM), Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Article Synopsis
- The study looked at Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) infections in children from Lomie Health District in Cameroon, where they have been deworming schools for many years with a medicine called mebendazole.
- Out of 491 children tested, about 84% were infected with STH, particularly a type called Trichuris trichiura, and many had moderate to heavy infections.
- The study found that poor hand washing and drinking water from rivers increased the chances of getting these infections, suggesting that more needs to be done to improve hygiene and water sources.
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