Background: Many receptors rely on the appropriate activation of nuclear factor (NF) kappa B to induce cellular function. This process depends critically on the phosphorylation of the inhibitor of NF-kappa B (I kappa B) by the I kappa B kinase. This targets I kappa B for ubiquitination and degradation, allowing NF-kappa B to translocate to the nucleus, where it can direct transcription. Hypomorphic human mutations affecting one I kappa B kinase component, the NF-kappa B essential modulator (NEMO), result in impaired signaling from receptors required for ectodermal development and immune function. Male subjects with these mutant NEMO molecules have an X-linked syndrome known as ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency, which is characterized by severe infections, with herpesviruses, bacteria, and mycobacterial susceptibility.
Objective: We sought to genetically and biochemically characterize a patient with a mutant NEMO molecule without ectodermal abnormalities.
Methods: We evaluated NEMO in a patient who had immunodeficiency and atypical mycobacterial infection but normal ectoderm.
Results: We identified a novel NEMO mutant causing immunodeficiency without ectodermal dysplasia. The mutation, which altered the exon 9 splice site, was present in cells of ectodermal and hematopoetic origin and resulted in a heterogeneous mixture of mutant and wild-type cDNA species. Immunologic function was variably impaired, with reduced CD40-induced B-cell proliferation, partially reduced NF-kappa B p65 nuclear translocation, and variable Toll-like receptor-induced TNF production. This variability might be explained by an inconsistent ratio of mutant to wild-type NEMO. The lack of any ectodermal phenotype, however, suggested a separation in the hematopoetic and ectodermal function of NEMO that leads to NF-kappa B activation.
Conclusion: Mutation of the gene encoding NEMO can result in immunodeficiency without ectodermal dysplasia.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2004.06.052 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
'PHACE' on the 'face'.
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
Paediatric Department, SJOG Midland Public Hospital, Midland, Western Australia, Australia.
Infantile haemangiomas are a common presentation in infants within the first few months of life. The majority of haemangiomas are benign; however, large haemangiomas (≥5 cm), especially those involving the face, may indicate a more serious underlying neurocutaneous disorder known as PHACE (Posterior fossa malformations, Haemangioma, Arterial anomalies, Coarctation of the aorta/Cardiac defects and Eye abnormalities) syndrome. The authors report an unusual case of possible PHACE syndrome in a young male toddler with a large facial haemangioma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEllis-van Creveld Syndrome: A Rare Case Report with Emphasis on Skeletal Manifestations.
J Orthop Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Lifeline Multi Speciality Hospital, Kerala, India.
Introduction: Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth retardation, dysplastic nails, cardiac defects, dental abnormalities, and polydactyly. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management are essential for improving patient outcomes.
Case Report: We present a case of a 12-year-old male with EVC, born to consanguineous parents, who presented with bilateral bowing of the legs and difficulty walking.
Orthodontic Management in Pediatric Patients with Rare Diseases: Case Reports.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, U.O.C. Pediatric Dentistry Unit, 00161 Rome, Italy.
: The orthodontic management of pediatric patients with rare diseases, such as Ectodermal Dysplasia (ED) and Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), requires complex protocols due to dental anomalies in both the number and structure of teeth. These conditions necessitate a departure from traditional orthodontic approaches, as skeletal anchoring is often required because of these anomalies. A patient with ED, characterized by hypodontia and malformed teeth, presented with insufficient natural teeth for anchorage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Patient With NEMO Deficiency, Disseminated M. szulgai, and Post-HSCT Inflammatory Disease.
Pediatr Transplant
February 2025
Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Background: Disseminated mycobacterium poses a significant risk for patients with NEMO deficiency. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) corrects the NEMO defect in hematopoietic cells thus treating the immunodeficiency.
Methods: We present a patient with NEMO deficiency who successfully underwent HSCT despite a disseminated Mycobacterium szulgai infection.
Case Report: Prenatal ultrasound presentation of congenital melanocytic nevus syndrome.
Front Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Ultrasound, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) syndrome is a rare, non-familial neural ectodermal dysplasia characterized by CMN combined with extracutaneous abnormalities, predominantly involving the central nervous system (CNS). The pathogenesis of CMN syndrome is thought to result from early post-zygotic somatic mutations. CNS melanosis frequently affects the anterior temporal lobes, brainstem, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!