Peripheral inflammation signals the brain primarily via blood-borne proinflammatory cytokines, released from activated immune cells. In addition to these cytokines, immune-brain signaling is known to involve another key mediator, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), the level of which is elevated in the brain during various inflammatory states and which acts to influence the central neuronal activity to evoke some, but not all, of the sickness behavior including fever and the activation of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Studies over the last decade have indicated that brain endothelial cells are the major source of PGE2 under various inflammatory states. In this review, we highlight the significance of the endothelial mechanism in immune-brain signaling mediated by PGE2, but discuss also the possible influence of other mechanisms on brain PGE2 elevation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/1439 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Anticancer effect of the antirheumatic drug leflunomide on oral squamous cell carcinoma by the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.
Discov Oncol
January 2025
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
Objectives: Leflunomide (LEF) is a conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug and suppresses T-cell proliferation and activity by inhibiting pyrimidine synthesis using dihydroorotase dehydrogenase (DHODH); however, several studies have demonstrated that LEF possesses anticancer and antiangiogenic effects in some malignant tumors. Therefore, we investigated the anticancer and antiangiogenic effects of LEF on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Methods: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of LEF on OSCC, cell proliferation and wound-healing assays using human OSCC cell lines were performed.
Lung endothelial cell senescence impairs barrier function and promotes neutrophil adhesion and migration.
Geroscience
January 2025
Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL, USA.
Cellular senescence contributes to inflammation and organ dysfunction during aging. While this process is generally characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest, its morphological features and functional impacts vary in different cells from various organs. In this study, we examined the expression of multiple senescent markers in the lungs of young and aged humans and mice, as well as in mouse lung endothelial cells cultured with a senescence inducer, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), or doxorubicin (DOXO).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVEGFA, MYC, and JUN are abnormally elevated in the synovial tissue of patients with advanced osteoarthritis.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
Osteoarthritis (OA), affecting > 500 million people worldwide, profoundly affects the quality of life and ability to work. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway plays an essential role in OA. To address the lack of studies focused on synovial cells in OA, we evaluated the expression patterns and roles of the MAPK signaling pathway components in OA synovial tissues using bioinformatics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMast cells: key players in digestive system tumors and their interactions with immune cells.
Cell Death Discov
January 2025
Department of Endoscopy and Digestive System, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
Mast cells (MCs) are critical components of both innate and adaptive immune processes. They play a significant role in protecting human health and in the pathophysiology of various illnesses, including allergies, cardiovascular diseases and autoimmune diseases. Recent studies in tumor-related research have demonstrated that mast cells exert a substantial influence on tumor cell behavior and the tumor microenvironment, exhibiting both pro- and anti-tumor effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFiltering through AAV Capsid Libraries for Effective Kidney Gene Transfer.
Kidney Int
January 2025
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232; Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN 37235. Electronic address:
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!