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Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 177
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File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 137
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@remsenmedia.com&api_key=81853a771c3a3a2c6b2553a65bc33b056f08&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 197
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 197
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 1057
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3175
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Whereas the majority of surgeons in Western countries perform sentinel node biopsy (SNB) for early breast cancer, the majority of Japanese surgeons do not. Veronesi very recently reported the results of a clinical trial in which SNB without axillary lymph node dissection for small breast cancer did not increase axillary recurrence. Thus, sentinel node surgery has been accepted as a safe and accurate method of screening the axillary nodes for metastasis in women with small breast cancer. SNB should thus be recommended as standard care for early breast cancer in Japan. SNB for patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) may be performed according to the decision of doctors or patients in each case, because the indication of SNB for DCIS is controversial. Since preoperative chemotherapy could increase the rate of false-negative sentinel nodes because of the induced lymphatic changes, SNB is thought to be safer before than after preoperative chemotherapy. Current evidence does not allow internal mammary SNB to be recommended as a standard procedure, but as patients with internal mammary node involvement may benefit from adjuvant systemic treatment, internal mammary SNB should be further studied in this context. Preoperative diagnosis of an axillary metastasis using fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) under ultrasonographical imaging or core needle biopsy under MR imaging can cost-effectively decrease the indications of SNB.
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