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Meteorological fluctuations define long-term crop yield patterns in conventional and organic production systems.
Sci Rep
April 2017
Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, United States.
Variability in meteorological patterns presents significant challenges to crop production consistency and yield stability. Meteorological influences on corn and soybean grain yields were analyzed over an 18-year period at a long-term experiment in Beltsville, Maryland, U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFruit metabolite networks in engineered and non-engineered tomato genotypes reveal fluidity in a hormone and agroecosystem specific manner.
Metabolomics
May 2016
Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, The Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
Introduction: Metabolomics provides a view of endogenous metabolic patterns not only during plant growth, development and senescence but also in response to genetic events, environment and disease. The effects of the field environment on plant hormone-specific metabolite profiles are largely unknown. Few studies have analyzed useful phenotypes generated by introducing single or multiple gene events alongside the non-engineered wild type control at field scale to determine the robustness of the genetic trait and its modulation in the metabolome as a function of specific agroecosystem environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.
JAMA Psychiatry
June 2016
Hong Kong Centre for Mindfulness, Hong Kong 8Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, England13Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England.
Importance: Relapse prevention in recurrent depression is a significant public health problem, and antidepressants are the current first-line treatment approach. Identifying an equally efficacious nonpharmacological intervention would be an important development.
Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis on individual patient data to examine the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) compared with usual care and other active treatments, including antidepressants, in treating those with recurrent depression.
Concentrations and allelopathic effects of benzoxazinoid compounds in soil treated with rye (Secale cereale) cover crop.
J Agric Food Chem
May 2012
Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States.
The concentration of benzoxazinoids (BX) was measured in field soils at selected intervals after rye residue was either incorporated or left on the soil surface. The spectrum of compounds arising in the soil persisted approximately two weeks and was dominated by methoxy containing BX compounds, which were only minor components of the rye foliage. Growth assays with lettuce and smooth pigweed species showed inhibition when treated soils were tested during the first two weeks after rye applications; however, there were no sufficient concentrations of any one BX compound in the soil to explain these affects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTomato response to legume cover crop and nitrogen: differing enhancement patterns of fruit yield, photosynthesis and gene expression.
Funct Plant Biol
April 2012
Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, The Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA.
Excessive use of nitrogen (N) in crop production has impacted ecosystems by contaminating soil and water. Management of N in agriculture is therefore of global concern. Sustainable agriculture systems that use leguminous cover crops such as hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) to fix N and enrich soil organic matter by fixing carbon provide an alternative strategy.
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