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The heart adapts to cardiac demand through a variety of mechanisms. Some of these adaptations include chemical modifications of myofilament proteins responsible for cell contraction. Interestingly, many of these chemical modifications, such as phosphorylation, are found in unstructured, or intrinsically disordered, regions of proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential regulation of physicochemical properties and myofibrillar protein degradation of yak meat by interactions between reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species during postmortem aging.
J Sci Food Agric
January 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
Background: This study aimed to explore how interactions between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) affect oxidative properties, nitrosative properties, and myofibrillar protein degradation during postmortem aging of yak meat.
Results: Yak longissimus dorsi was incubated with saline, ROS activator (HO)/inhibitor N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and RNS activator S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO)/inhibitor L-NAME hydrochloride (L-NAME) combined treatments at 4 °C for 12, 24, 72, 120, and 168 h. The results indicated that regardless of whether RNS was activated or inhibited, activated ROS played a dominant role in myofibrillar protein degradation by oxidative modification to increase carbonyl content, disulfide bonds, surface hydrophobicity, and dimerized tyrosine while decreasing sulfhydryl content, thereby degrading nebulin, titin, troponin-t and desmin.
Investigation of Structural Peculiarities of Smooth Muscle Titin Aggregates, Formed under Different In Vitro Conditions, by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.
Bull Exp Biol Med
August 2024
Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia.
Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to investigate structural peculiarities of two types of amyloid aggregates of smooth muscle titin, which differed in their morphology and ability to disaggregate, and differently bound thioflavin T dye. SAXS showed that the structure/shape of the two titin aggregate types was close to a flat shape. FTIR spectroscopy revealed no differences in the secondary structure of the two types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA three filament mechanistic model of musculotendon force and impedance.
Elife
September 2024
Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
The force developed by actively lengthened muscle depends on different structures across different scales of lengthening. For small perturbations, the active response of muscle is well captured by a linear-time-invariant (LTI) system: a stiff spring in parallel with a light damper. The force response of muscle to longer stretches is better represented by a compliant spring that can fix its end when activated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlterations in cardiac contractile and regulatory proteins contribute to age-related cardiac dysfunction in male rats.
Physiol Rep
August 2024
Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Aging is associated with cardiac contractile abnormalities, but the etiology of these contractile deficits is unclear. We hypothesized that cardiac contractile and regulatory protein expression is altered during aging. To investigate this possibility, left ventricular (LV) lysates were prepared from young (6 months) and old (24 months) Fischer344 rats.
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