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NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, 115552 Moscow, Russia.
N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) is an efficient and multifunctional delivery tool in the development and synthesis of chemically modified oligonucleotide therapeutics (conjugates). Such therapeutics demonstrate improved potency in vivo due to the selective and efficient delivery to hepatocytes in the liver via receptor-mediated endocytosis, which is what drives the high interest in this molecule. The ways to synthesize such structures are relatively new and have not been optimized in terms of the yields and stages both in lab and large-scale synthesis.
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West Guangxi Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High-incidence Diseases, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China. Electronic address:
Argonaute 2 (Ago2) is a crucial enzyme in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, essential for gene silencing via the cleavage of target messenger RNA (mRNA) mediated by microRNA (miRNA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA). The activity of Ago2 is a significant biomarker for various diseases, including cancer and viral infections, necessitating precise monitoring techniques. Traditional methods for detecting Ago2 activity are often cumbersome and lack the necessary sensitivity and specificity for low-abundance targets in complex samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLysozyme-coated nanoparticles for active uptake and delivery of synthetic RNA and plasmid-encoded genes in plants.
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Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of nucleic acids and proteins into intact plants has the potential to modify metabolic pathways and confer desirable traits in crops. Here we show that layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets coated with lysozyme are actively taken up into the root tip, root hairs and lateral root junctions by endocytosis, and translocate via an active membrane trafficking pathway in plants. Lysozyme coating enhanced nanosheet uptake by (1) loosening the plant cell wall and (2) stimulating the expression of endocytosis and other membrane trafficking genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRNA Silencing Strategies in Phytophthora: Experimental Guidelines and Insights.
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Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Lomma, Sweden.
RNA silencing is a core cellular process that acts to defend the genome against potentially damaging genetic elements such as viruses and transposons. It has been extensively characterized in many eukaryotes and exploited as a tool for determining gene function through removing the activity of specific genes. It has also been used in Phytophthora species to reveal genes involved in different lifecycle stages.
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Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, IMIBIC, CIBEROBN, Córdoba, España. Electronic address:
Hypercholesterolemia is a causal factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), which is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Spain. The reduction of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) decreases the risk of ASCVD and adverse cardiovascular events. Targeted therapy for the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK-9) has emerged as a novel tool for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
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