AIDS vaccines now use a truncated version of 86 residues of the Tat protein related to the HIV-1 HXB2 strain predominant in Europe and North America. We compared antibodies raised in rabbits using a B subtype short Tat HXB2(86) and a full-length Tat HXB2(100). Serum against HXB2(86) recognizes only B and D subtypes while serum against HXB2(100) recognizes B, D, and C subtype variants. Conformational epitopes appear to be involved in the capacity of anti-Tat HXB2 sera to recognized non-homologous Tat variants. A linear B-epitope identified in sequence 71-81 in HXB2(86) disappears in HXB2(100), which has a new linear B-epitope identified at the C-terminus. Anti-HXB2(100) serum has a higher titer in neutralizing antibody against homologous and non-homologous variants compared to anti-HXB2(86) serum. We suggest that a Tat vaccine should contain a Tat variant with regular size, up to 99-101 residues now found in the field.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.01.057 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Clinical Manifestations.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany.
Background: The identification of cognitively unimpaired individuals at risk of short-term cognitive decline is a critical task for Alzheimer´s disease (AD) research. Cognitively normal individuals with amyloid and/or tau pathology have a high risk for short-term cognitive decline. However, not all of these individuals show clinical progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFS-Nitrosylation of Dexras1 Controls Post-Stroke Recovery via Regulation of Neuronal Excitability and Dendritic Remodeling.
CNS Neurosci Ther
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Aims: Stroke is a major public health concern leading to high rates of death and disability worldwide, unfortunately with no effective treatment available for stroke recovery during the repair phase.
Methods: Photothrombotic stroke was induced in mice. Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) were microinjected into the peri-infarct cortex immediately after photothrombotic stroke.
Recombinant neurotrophin-3 with the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier: A new strategy against Alzheimer's disease.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, PR China. Electronic address:
This study aims to develop and evaluate a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) by overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limitations of Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). NT-3, a critical neurotrophic factor, plays essential roles in hippocampal neuron growth, survival, and synaptic plasticity, making it a promising candidate for AD treatment. However, its clinical application is hindered by its inability to cross the BBB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransduction of jellyfish superoxide dismutase mediated by TAT peptide ameliorates HO-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Naval Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays important roles in the balance of oxidation and antioxidation in body mostly by scavenging superoxide anion free radicals (O). Previously, we reported a novel Cu/Zn SOD from jellyfish Cyanea capillata, named CcSOD1, which exhibited excellent SOD activity and high stability. TAT peptide is a common type of cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) that efficiently deliver extracellular biomacromolecules into cytoplasm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSyntaxin 4-enhanced plasma membrane repair isindependent of dysferlin in skeletal muscle.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
December 2024
Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Plasma membrane repair (PMR) restores membrane integrity of cells, preventing cell death in vital organs, and has been studied extensively in skeletal muscle. Dysferlin, a sarcolemmal Ca-binding protein, plays a crucial role in PMR in skeletal muscle. Previous studies have suggested that PMR employs membrane trafficking and membrane fusion, similar to neurotransmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!