Perinatal outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease.

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Published: April 2004

AI Article Synopsis

  • This study investigates the link between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and adverse perinatal outcomes, comparing 116 pregnancies with IBD to 56,398 control pregnancies.
  • Patients with IBD were generally older, more likely to be Caucasian or Asian, and had higher rates of labor induction, chorioamnionitis, and Cesarean sections, but not worse neonatal outcomes.
  • Specific findings showed that ulcerative colitis was linked to low birth weight, while previous IBD surgery correlated with lower rates of low birth weight and disease flares during pregnancy increased risks for preterm delivery and low birth weight.

Article Abstract

Objective: To determine whether inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with increased risk for adverse perinatal outcome.

Methods: A case-control study of 116 singleton pregnancies with IBD compared to 56,398 singleton controls delivered between 1986 and 2001.

Results: Patients with IBD were slightly older (32.8 vs. 30.6 years, p < 0.001), more likely to be Caucasian or Asian than Black or Latino (92% vs. 57%, p < 0.001) and have private health insurance (33% vs. 3%, p < 0.001). IBD was associated with an increased risk for labor induction (32% vs. 24%, p = 0.002), chorioamnionitis (7% vs. 3%, p = 0.04) and Cesarean section (32% vs. 22%, p = 0.007), but there were no differences in neonatal outcomes. Subgroup analysis demonstrated an increased risk for low birth weight (LBW) in the ulcerative colitis group vs. the Crohn's disease group (19% vs. 0%, p = 0.002). Patients with prior surgery for IBD had a lower incidence of LBW (0% vs. 12%, p = 0.03). Flares during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk for preterm delivery (27% vs. 8%, p = 0.02) and LBW (32% vs. 3%, p = 0.003).

Conclusion: IBD was an independent risk factor for Cesarean section but there was no increase in adverse perinatal outcome. Crohn's disease, prior IBD surgery and quiescent disease were associated with a lower risk for LBW.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767050410001668662DOI Listing

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